Izindlela Ezi-4 Zokuba Umthengi Ongcono Wokwaziswa Okuku-inthanethi

-Delile

• Amaphuzu abalulekile
• 1. Yiba Nokungabaza
• 2. Yehlisa ijubane
• 3. Amaqiniso Ahlukile Embonweni
• 4. Melana nesiqiniseko sokukhetha

Amaphuzu abalulekile

• Imininingwane engeyona ne-disinformation ikhona eceleni kolwazi oluthembekile ku-inthanethi, kepha bambalwa okube indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo.
• Amasu okuba umthengi ongcono wolwazi oluku-inthanethi afaka phakathi ukwehlisa ijubane nokwazi ukuthi esikutholayo kungahle kungabi yiqiniso.
• Abantu bangafunda futhi ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezindaba ezihlosiwe kanye nemibono yokuzithoba, futhi bazi ngokuthanda kokuqinisekisa.

Eminyakeni engaba ngu-30 enkathini ye-inthanethi, manje sesiyithatha njengengasho lutho, nesizukulwane sonke esingakaze silinde ukuba izindaba zansuku zonke zilethwe njalo emnyango wabo futhi kungakaze kudingeke siye kumtapo wezincwadi wendawo ukubheka izincwadi isabelo sesikole. Ngokuqinisekile, manje siphila ezweni lapho sijabulela khona ukufinyelela kwesikhathi sangempela kolwazi oluvela emhlabeni wonke ngokuthinta inkinobho ngendlela esingakaze sibe nayo ngaphambili emlandweni wesintu.

Kepha uhlangothi olumnyama ku-intanethi ukuthi ulwazi olungelona iqiniso kanye nolwazi olungelona olukhona lukhona kanye nemininingwane ethembekile futhi bambalwa kithi abake bafundiswa ukuthi bahlukanise kanjani phakathi kwalaba ababili. Futhi ngokususelwa kokuncamelayo kwethu "kokuchofoza", i-internet force isipha lokho ecabanga ukuthi sifuna ukukubona ukuze sikwazi ukuba nemibono ehluke ngokuphelele ngomhlaba kunabomakhelwane bethu abanezinkolelo ezahlukahlukene zemibono. Njengomphumela, ukusebenzisa ulwazi oluku-inthanethi kubeka engcupheni yangempela yokuqinisa okungokoqobo kunokuba kusifundise ulwazi lwenoveli, kusenze simelane ngokwengeziwe namaqiniso anenhloso futhi sehluleke ukubamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni ezinengqondo nalabo abanemibono ephikisayo.

Muva nje ngicelwe ukuthi nginikele ngamathiphu wokuthi zingafundiswa kanjani izingane ukuthi zibone futhi zibhekane kanjani nolwazi olungelona iqiniso ku-inthanethi. Kepha ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu asebekhulile kungenzeka ukuthi babe sethubeni lokwabelana ngolwazi olungelona iqiniso kunezingane, ngakho-ke abantu bayo yonke iminyaka bazozuza kulolu hlobo lwemfundo. Nawa amathiphu amane okusenza sonke abathengi abangcono bolwazi oluku-inthanethi:

1. Yiba Nokungabaza

Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukutshela umehluko phakathi kolwazi oluthembekile nolwazi olungelona iqiniso kwi-intanethi. Lapho sifuna imininingwane online, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sazi ukuthi lokho esikutholayo kungahle kube kungalungile.

Lokho kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana lapho "izindaba ezingezona" zihamba ngokushesha futhi zikude kunolwazi olunembile. Qinisekisa imininingwane ngokubheka ukuthi ngabe ibikwe yini yimithombo eminingi. Hlola kuqala, bese wabelana — gwema isifiso sokwabelana ngokushesha okuthile okusha nokuvusa inkanuko ngaphambi kokuba uchithe isikhathi esithile ukukuhlola.

2. Yehlisa ijubane

Sivame ukusebenzisa i-inthanethi ukuthola izimpendulo ezisheshayo, kepha akuyona yonke imibuzo engaphendulwa ngokushesha noma kalula. Izindaba eziningi “ezishisayo” ziyinkimbinkimbi, zinemibono ehlukahlukene ephikisanayo neqiniso elingahle noma lingahlali phakathi.

Ukuba ngumthengi omuhle wolwazi oluku-inthanethi kudinga ukuthi sehlise ijubane futhi sifunde i-athikili yangempela ngaphansi kwesihloko esidonsayo. Lapho usukwenzile lokho, funa ezinye izindatshana ngesihloko esifanayo. Singaqiniseka kakhulu ukuthi ulwazi olwabiwe kuma-athikili ahlukile luyiqiniso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindawo ezinokungafani zingasisiza ukuthi sikhombe ukwaziswa okungelona iqiniso noma izindaba zemibono, kunokuphikisana namaqiniso asunguliwe.

3. Amaqiniso Ahlukile Embonweni

Qonda ukuthi ulwazi olungelona iqiniso nokusabalalisa ngamabomu kwemininingwane engafanele yibhizinisi elikhulu — kunabantu abaningi laphaya abazama ukusinaka futhi bashukumise umbono wethu ukuze bazizuzele bona.

Funda ukuthi ungawubona kanjani umehluko phakathi kwezindaba ezihlosiwe kanye nemibono engaconsi phansi futhi ufunde ukuthi ungayibona kanjani imithombo yezokwazisa ethembeke kakhulu noma enokwenzelela kwezepolitiki "kwesobunxele" noma "kwesokudla". Funda imithombo ethembekile yolwazi kuyo yonke imikhakha yezepolitiki ukuze uthole umbono ngendaba ethile.

4. Melana nesiqiniseko sokukhetha

Sijwayele ukucinga ulwazi olususelwa “ekuqiniseni kokukhetha” —ukuchofoza futhi sabelane ngezinto ezisekela lokho esivele sikukholelwa futhi senqaba noma yiziphi izinselelo ezikuphikisayo. I-inthanethi nayo yakhelwe ukusikhombisa lokho ecabanga ukuthi sifuna ukukubona, ukuze kuthi lapho sibheka ulwazi ku-inthanethi, sibhekane nohlobo oluthile “lokuchema lokuqinisekisa kuma-steroids.”

Ukugcina isimo sokungabaza kusenza abathengi abangcono bemininingwane ye-inthanethi, kepha hhayi uma singabaza kuphela ngezinto esingazithandi noma esingavumelani nazo. Ukungabaza okunempilo akufani nokwenqaba — ungayilahli imininingwane noma uyibize ngokuthi “izindaba ezingamanga” ngoba iphikisana nalokho okukholelwayo.

Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-psychology yolwazi okungelona:

• Izindaba Zomkhohlisi, ama-Echo Chambers nama-Bubble Filter: Umhlahlandlela Wokusinda
• I-Psychology, Gullibility, kanye neBusiness of Fake News
• Ukufa Kwamaqiniso: I-Emperor’s New Epistemology