Ngabe Ngempela SingamaNarcissist Siphumele Thina Sodwa?

-Delile

• Amaphuzu abalulekile
• Ukuzenza Ofuna Ubugovu?
• Ukuthenga
• Ukusiza Abanye Bazizwe Bahle

Amaphuzu abalulekile

• Abantu bavame ukuzenza abazithandayo ukuze bahambisane nalokho abakholelwa ngamanga ukuthi kuyinkambiso yezenhlalo.
• Ukulinganisela kuyadingeka phakathi kokuzithuthukisa nokusiza abanye.
• Kungaba usizo ukuvumela ukuthambekela kwethu kwemvelo ukusiza abanye abadinga usizo.

"Lolu hlelo lwethu lwaseMelika ... lubize ngobuMelika, lubize ngongxiwankulu, lubize ngokuthanda kwakho, lunikeze ngamunye wethu ithuba elihle uma silubamba ngezandla zombili futhi silusebenzise ngokugcwele." -Al Capone

Ngabe iningi labantu, yize lingabi yizigelekeqe ezidume kabi, lilandela ukuhola kukaCapone futhi libheke kuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu kuNombolo Yokuqala?

Empeleni, abenzi. Esikhundleni salokho, benza ngokuvumelana nokucabanga kwesazi sezomnotho esathola umklomelo kaNobel u-Amartya Sen, owathi: “Akufanele siwele ogibeni lokucabanga ukuthi ukucabanga kobugovu obumsulwa, ngandlela-thile, kubaluleke kakhulu kunalokho ucabanga amanye amanani. Ukukhathazeka ngokokuziphatha noma kwezenhlalo nakho kungaba okuyisisekelo noma okuyisisekelo. ”

Ngisho nabaningi abagcina imikhuba yokulondolozwa kwemvelo bavele lapho bezobona isisusa sokusiza abanye. Isibonelo, usosayensi wezepolitiki waseHarvard uJames Q. Wilson, wake wagomela wathi, "Ngilinganisela, ngicabanga ukuthi ezinye izici eziphathelene nesimo somuntu zidlula lezo eziqondene nathi."

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono wefilosofi womqondo wobungxiwankulu wezomnotho, u-Adam Smith, wakuvuma lokhu okulandelayo: “Yeka ukuthi umuntu angacatshangelwa kanjani ukuba nobugovu; Kusobala ukuthi kunezimiso ezithile emvelweni yakhe, ezimthakazelisa enhlanhleni yabanye, futhi eyenza injabulo yabo idingeke kuye, yize engatholi lutho kuyo, ngaphandle kwenjabulo yokuyibona. ”

Kungenzeka yini ukuthi sithi sinesifiso sobugovu yize empeleni sinjalo — futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu — sinesithakazelo enhlalakahleni yabanye? Kungenzeka yini ukuthi, ngenxa yesidingo sethu njengabantu sokuba ngamaqembu ezenhlalo ukuze siphile, sakhiwe ngokomzimba ngobuchopho obukhulu futhi asikwazi ukuzinakekela eminyakeni yethu yokuqala kunanoma yisiphi esinye isilwane esincelisayo ngoba siyakwazisa ukuxhumana nabantu— okudinga umusa, ububele nokukhathalela abanye — ngaphezu kokukhulisa izinzuzo zethu thina?

Ukuzenza Ofuna Ubugovu?

Uma kunjalo, kungani singatshela abantu ukuthi siyazithanda thina singekho? Kungenzeka yini ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi sithengile kumcabango wezomnotho kaSmith kanye nemibono yefilosofi kaHume noHobbes nabanye abamele ukuzithokozisa, sakha isiko inkambiso yokuzithokozisa ?

Ukweqa inkambiso kuyisenzo iningi lethu elingathanda ukungazibandakanyi nalo, ikakhulukazi ngoba, njengoba umcwaningi wemizwelo wase-University of Amsterdam uGerben Van Kleef etholile, abanye bavame ukucasuka lapho senza kanjalo. Ukwabelana ngokuthembeka ukuthi unikela ngokuzithandela ngoba ufuna ukusiza abanye kungakutholela ulaka lomuntu othukutheliswe ukwephula kwakho okujwayelekile. Umuntu onjalo angasho ukuthi uzama ukuhlaba umxhwele kothile, izicathulo ezinhle noma izicubu zomphakathi ezingafanele.

Ucwaningo oluningi olwenziwe ngusosayensi wezengqondo waseStanford uDale Miller luqinisekisa ukuthi imvamisa sizenza intshisekelo yokuzivumelanisa nalokho esikukholelwa ngamanga njengokujwayelekile emphakathini. Kwesinye sezifundo zikaMiller, isibonelo, ababambiqhaza babuzwa ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi abafundela phansi banikele ngegazi nge $ 15 noma lutho. Balinganisela ukuthi cishe amaphesenti ayi-100 abangaphansi ngaphezulu anganikela uma kunesikhuthazo sezezimali. Ngamanye amagama, inkambiso yokuzithokozisa emsebenzini: akukho mali, akukho uju; noma siyakholwa.

Njengoba kwenzekile, abafundi abangaphansi kwamaphesenti ayi-18 ngaphezulu babezimisele ukunikela ngegazi uma bezothola imali ngokwenza lokho. Ngokudabukisayo, izinkolelo zethu ezikhethekile enkambisweni yokuzithokozisa zisibangela ukuba sizenzele intshisekelo noma ngabe, empeleni, singenjalo.

Ukuthenga

"Mhlawumbe labo bafundi ababezimisele ukunikela ngegazi mahhala akubona labo abathenga imibono yezomnotho ekhona eyenza ubungxiwankulu bube khona," ungacabanga kanjalo. Uma ngabe kunjalo ukuthi ukubhalisela inkambiso yokuzithokozisa kuvame kakhulu phakathi kwethu nathi esibhalisela imibono yezomnotho yezimakethe zamahhala kanye nongxowankulu be-laissez-faire, ngabe akunjalo yini ukuthi abafundi bezomnotho ube mancane amathuba okuthi weqe inkambiso yokuzithanda wena?

Lokhu kunjalo impela. Isazi sezokuhlalisana sase-University of Wisconsin nesazi sezomnotho sokuziphatha uGerald Marwell wenze izivivinyo eziyi-11 zokuhlola umbono wokuhamba ngenkululeko wemfundiso yakudala yezomnotho futhi wathola ukuthi “abantu banikela ngokuzithandela izingxenye ezinkulu zezinsizakusebenza zabo ... ekuhlinzekeni inzuzo yomphakathi.” UMarwell uthole okuhlukile okuphawulekayo, noma kunjalo: abafundi abaphothule ezomnotho babengaphansi kwesigamu samathuba kunabafundi abaphothule izifundo zezomnotho ukunikela ngezinsizakusebenza zabo eqenjini.

Ngokufanayo, kumdlalo wezomnotho lapho unganikeza umlingani wakho noma yiliphi inani eliphakathi kuka-zero no- $ 10 (bangakhetha ukwamukela noma ukwenqaba, futhi uma benqaba nina nobabili bengatholi lutho), abaphakamisi abahlale bedelela izinkambiso kokuhlukaniswa okungu-50-50 kwabafundi bezomnotho.

Kungani abafundi bezomnotho bengenza okuningi ngokuzenzela inzuzo kunabanye? Ngokwezibuyekezo zalolo cwaningo olwenziwe nguprofesa we-IESE Business School uFabrizio Ferraro, “imiphumela eminingi yokuhlola ethambekele kubafundi bezomnotho nakwezomnotho ukukhubaza okuningi, ibambisane kancane, futhi ngokuvamile iziphatha kakhulu ngokuyalela intshisekelo yobugovu ingaxhunyaniswa ngokukholelwa ku inkambiso yokuzithokozisa nokwanda kwalo. ”

Ngakho-ke yini umuntu okhanyiselwe okufanele ayenze? Siza abanye futhi ungalokothi uphishekele izintshisekelo zabo? Kuzwakala kusimeme kakhulu. Bheka iNombolo Yokuqala futhi ungazinaki izidingo zawo wonke umuntu? Akunakusimama nakho, uma ucabanga ukuthi sidinga ukuba ngamaqembu ezenhlalo — kufaka phakathi amaqembu amabili, isb., Ubungane nobudlelwano obusondelene— ukuze siphile futhi sichume njengabantu. Kubonakala sengathi uhlobo oluthile lokulinganisela luyadingeka phakathi kokuthuthuka nokusiza abanye.

Ukusiza ekutholeni lokhu kulinganiselwa, cabanga ngeseluleko isikhulu esiphezulu sakwa-Amazon uJeff Bezos asinikeza engxoxweni abe nayo ne-PC Week ngo-1999: “Inzuzo ingukuphila kwenkampani kodwa ayisona isizathu sokuba khona kwayo. Awuphileli igazi lakho, kodwa ubungeke uphile ngaphandle kwalo. ”

Ukusiza Abanye Bazizwe Bahle

Ezingeni eliphakeme, udinga igazi lakho ukuthi libekhona. Kodwa-ke ucwaningo seluthole ukuthi udinga ubudlelwano bezenhlalo ukuze ubekhona. Abantu abangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokwanele futhi balondoloze ubudlelwano obunjalo bavame ukuhlangabezana nezingozi eziphakeme kakhulu emzimbeni wabo (amanxeba abo aze athathe isikhathi esithe xaxa ukuphola) nengqondo (kufaka phakathi ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe nokuncipha kokuzethemba) impilo futhi bafe ngokushesha.

Kuleli sonto, naka ukuthambekela kwakho kwemvelo ukusiza abanye abadinga usizo. Qaphela indlela ozizwa ngayo ngemuva kwalokho, bese uqhathanisa lo muzwa nezinye izikhathi lapho wenza khona ukuze uthuthukise izintshisekelo zakho. Ungathola imiphumela yesivivinyo sakho sesampula esisodwa isimanga — mhlawumbe ize iguqule — futhi uzibonele ngawakho ukuthi ukusiza abanye kuyandisa kanjani injabulo yakho.