Ukuba nguMongameli Kahulumeni Kufushanisa Impilo, Ngokuya Ngocwaningo

-Delile

• Akukhona kuphela ukuthi isikhundla somthwalo omkhulu, kepha futhi kunemiphumela eyingozi empilweni.
• Ingabe ukuba ngumongameli kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila?
• Akusona isifundo sokuqala kulolu cwaningo
• Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kwiBritish Medical Journal (BMJ)
• Ababhali benze okuthile okusha maqondana nocwaningo olwedlule
• Isizathu kungaba yingcindezi abahlangabezana nayo omongameli

Akukhona kuphela ukuthi isikhundla somthwalo omkhulu, kepha futhi kunemiphumela eyingozi empilweni.

I- ukhetho jikelele lapho kuzokhethwa khona umongameli olandelayo woMbuso WaseSpain sekuseduze, futhi abane yilabo abazongenela ukhetho njengamakhanda kahulumeni.

Kepha uMariano Rajoy, uPablo Iglesias, u-Albert Rivera noPedro Sánchez kufanele banake le migqa elandelayo, njengoba ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonakala lukhombisa ukuthi ukuba ngumongameli wesizwe kufushanisa impilo.

Ingabe ukuba ngumongameli kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila?

Ngakho-ke, ngoba munye kuphela kwabane onganqoba ukhetho, labo abangenayo inhlanhla yokuqokwa njengabamele abaphezulu kakhulu begatsha eliphezulu bazoba nesizathu okungenani esisodwa sokumamatheka.

Akusona isifundo sokuqala kulolu cwaningo

Kube nenkulumompikiswano isikhathi eside ngokuthi ngabe omengameli bakahulumeni banesikhathi esincane sokuphila, futhi isayensi yenze uphenyo olwehlukene ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa le mbono. Isibonelo, isifundo esisodwa sathola ukuthi omongameli bakhula kabili ngokuphindwe kabili kunabangewona abongameli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, olunye ucwaningo alutholanga noma yiluphi uhlobo lobudlelwano phakathi kokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nesikhundla sokuba yinhloko kahulumeni.

Noma kunjalo, kwanele ukubona ezinye izithombe zomongameli bakahulumeni ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwamatemu abo ukuze babone ukuthi ukuwohloka kwabo ngokomzimba kuyabonakala. Elinye lamacala akhulunywa kakhulu lawa owayengumongameli wezenhlalakahle uJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. Emfanekisweni ongakwesobunxele, umongameli weshiya neminyaka engama-48. Ngakwesokudla, iminyaka engu-55 (isithombe samanje). Akubonakali sengathi isikhathi esiningi sesidlulile?

Muva nje, lolu cwaningo olusha lubuyise le mpikiswano etafuleni. Ukwenza lokhu, ihlolisise izinqubo zokhetho ezenziwa emazweni ayi-17 kusuka ku-1722 kuya ku-2015. Imiphumela kubonakala sengathi kukhombisa ukuthi omongameli bakahulumeni baphila isilinganiso seminyaka engu-2.7 ngaphansi futhi uhlangabezana nengozi engama-23% enkulu yokushona ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunomuntu oyinhloko yabaphikisi. Omongameli abanjengoBarak Obama noma uRafael Correa kufanele bayiqaphele le miphumela.

Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kwiBritish Medical Journal (BMJ)

Ucwaningo luvela kumagazini okhethekile kaKhisimusi we Ijenali Yezokwelapha yaseBrithani (BMJ). Uhlelo lwayo lukaKhisimusi unyaka ngamunye lunezindikimba ezingajwayelekile, kepha lokho, naphezu kwalokhu, kunesisekelo esiqinile sesayensi.

"Sinesiqiniseko sokuthi kunomehluko phakathi kokufa komongameli bombuso kanye nezimbangi zabo, okusho ukuthi amakhanda kahulumeni ashesha ukushesha", kusho u-Anupam Jena, umbhali walolu cwaningo kanye noprofesa eHarvard University kanye naseSibhedlela IMassachusetts General (United States). Kulolu cwaningo bekukhona no-Andrew Olesku, ongumcwaningi kuleyunivesithi efanayo, noMatthew Abola, ofundela ubudokotela eCase Western Reserve University.

Ababhali benze okuthile okusha maqondana nocwaningo olwedlule

Yize kungesona isihloko esisha, ababhali bocwaningo benze okuhlukile ukukala i-hypothesis, njengoba kunzima ukukuqinisekisa. Esikhundleni sokuqhathanisa umongameli noma undunankulu nabantu abaningi, bona kuqhathaniswa idatha yomongameli nabaphikisi babo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoba uma siqhathanisa omongameli, okuvamise ukuthi babe ngabantu abasezingeni eliphezulu kwezenhlalo, nabanye abantu, kungaba nokuchema okuphawulekayo, okusho ukuthi imiphumela etholakele ibingeke ibaluleke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baphinde bakhulisa ukugxila kwabo ngokuqhathanisa izinhloko zikahulumeni zamazwe ayi-17 azinze ngokwentando yeningi yaseNtshonalanga, kunokuba anciphise isifundo kubongameli base-US. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abacwaningi abazange babhekelele abashiqela, kodwa babe ngabongameli abakhethwe ngentando yeningi. Kusobala, kepha futhi kufanele kuqinisekiswe nabongameli bamanye amazwekazi, njengamaLatin America noma ama-Asiya.

Isizathu kungaba yingcindezi abahlangabezana nayo omongameli

Ababhali besifundo bakwamukele lokho n noma ungathola izizathu eziqondile zokuthi kungani omongameli bengahlali isikhathi eside njengezimbangi zabo. Kepha ukucindezeleka kungaba imbangela. “Isikhathi sabo esimatasa nokusebenza kwabo kwenza kube nzima ukuthi omengameli bakwazi ukuphila impilo enempilo. Kunzima kubo ukwenza inqubo ejwayelekile yokudla ngendlela efanele nokuzivocavoca umzimba ”kuphetha u-Anupam Jena.

Ukuba ngusopolitiki kungaba ngumsebenzi obiza kakhulu. Ukuhamba njalo, izinkinga ezithinta izwe lonke, ukuvezwa okuqhubekayo iso lomphakathi, njll. Ngakho-ke, ukuba ngumongameli kahulumeni kungaba nezinto zakhe ezinhle, kodwa futhi kungumthwalo omkhulu kakhulu, ongaba nengcindezi.