Ukuhlukanisa i-Bipolar Disorder kusuka ekucindezelekeni okukhulu

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• Ukucindezeleka Okufundwayo Okubalulekile
• Wazi Kanjani Uma Ukucindezeleka Kwakho Kuyathuthuka?

Ukuthola isifo se-bipolar kungaba nzima. Yize kungenzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezigaba zayo ezimbili — umoya ophakeme we-mania nomoya ophansi wokucindezeleka — kuyinselele ukusho ukuthi umuntu obika ukuthi unomoya ophansi unesifo sokucindezeleka noma usesigabeni sokucindezeleka se-bipolar ukuphazamiseka. Ngempela, ukuxilongwa nge-bipolar kuqinisekiswa kuphela, emtholampilo, lapho isiguli esidangele sike sathola okungenani isiqephu esisodwa se-mania.

I-Mania ibonakala ngemizwa ephakeme (kungaba euphoric noma ukuthukuthela), imicabango yokujaha, imibono nenkulumo, ukuthatha ingozi, ukuthatha amandla aphezulu ngokungavamile, kanye nesidingo esinciphile sokulala. I-Hypomania, uhlobo olungaqinile kakhulu lwe-mania, nayo ayibi kangako futhi futhi iyisici sesigaba se-bipolar disorder's manic. Lezi zimpawu azifani neze nalezo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokudangala kwesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo noma ngabantu abaphethwe yisifo sokudangala esikhulu. Noma kunjalo izimpawu zokucindezeleka ngokwazo zifana ngokwasemtholampilo kubantu abanokucindezeleka kanye nesigaba sokudangala sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo.

Le nkinga yokuxilonga ishukumise abacwaningi ukuthi bafune izimpawu ezingalinganiseka zebhayoloji — ngokwesibonelo, izici zomsebenzi wobuchopho — ezingase zehluke ezigulini ezicindezelekile nasezigulini ezisesigabeni esidabukisayo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, mhlawumbe kusize ukuxilongwa okunembe kakhudlwana. Impumelelo yokuqala manje ibikiwe emzameni onjalo, oholwa nguMary L. Phillips, Ph.D.

UPhillips nozakwabo eNyuvesi yasePittsburgh naseWestern Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, kubandakanya uHolly A. Swartz, MD, kanye nombhali wokuqala u-Anna Manelis, Ph.D., balandele izinkomba ezivela ezifundweni zangaphambilini ezazikhombisa ukungafani okukhona endleleni ubuchopho ilungiselela futhi yenze imisebenzi yenkumbulo yokusebenza kubantu abacindezelekile kuqhathaniswa nalabo abasesigabeni esidabukisayo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo.

Inkumbulo esebenzayo uhlelo olusetshenziswa ubuchopho ukugcina, ukuphatha nokuvuselela imininingwane ephathelene nemisebenzi eseduze. Ukulimala kwamanethiwekhi we-neural abandakanyeka ngesikhathi sememori yokusebenza kuholela ekukhubazekeni kokufunda, ukubonisana, nokwenza izinqumo okubonwa kwabanye abantu abanezinkinga zemizwelo, kufaka phakathi ukucindezeleka.

Ngocwaningo lwabo, iqembu likaPhillips laqasha abantu abangu-18 abane-bipolar disorder ababesesigabeni sokucindezeleka kwalesi sifo; 23 abanesifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu nabo ababecindezelekile; kanye nezilawuli ezinempilo ezingama-23. Bonke ababambiqhaza bathola ukuskena okuphelele kobuchopho ngokusebenza kwe-magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), ezigabeni ezimbili: eyodwa lapho babelindele khona umsebenzi odinga inkumbulo yokusebenza, kanti futhi lapho babenza khona umsebenzi. Umuntu ngamunye obambe iqhaza ubeskenwa imisebenzi yememori yokusebenza “elula” futhi “enzima”, futhi ngaphansi kwezimo lapho bevezwe khona ezinhlobonhlobo zezisusa ezingokomzwelo, kusukela kokuhle kuya kokungathathi hlangothi kuya kokungalungile.

Lezi zimvume eziningi zemisebenzi yememori yokusebenza zikhombisa iqiniso lokuthi abantu bakha okulindelekile kulokho okudingeka bakwenze ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi, ukuhlolwa okungancika ekutheni umsebenzi kulindeleke ukuthi ungaphumeleli ngokomoya noma ube nenkinga. Njengoba iqembu liphakamisa, umehluko owehlukile ekusebenzeni kwemijikelezo yobuchopho ungabonakala lapho umuntu ongena emsebenzini elindela ukuthi kube nzima noma kube nengcindezi, ngokungafani nokulula nokujabulisayo.

Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kweskena sobuchopho iqinisekise i-hypothesis yokuthi amaphethini wokusebenza kobuchopho ngesikhathi sokulindela umsebenzi wokukhumbula ukusebenza kuyahluka kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi ulula noma unzima. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yaphakamisa ukuthi ukulindela nokusebenza kwemisebenzi yokukhumbula ukusebenza “kungasiza ukuhlukanisa abantu abacindezelekile abane-bipolar disorder kulabo abanenkinga enkulu yokudangala.”

Ngokukhethekile, amaphethini wokwenza kusebenze ezingxenyeni ezisemuva nezingaphakathi zecortex yangaphambi kobuchopho ngesikhathi sokulindela imisebenzi elula uma iqhathaniswa "ingaba uphawu olubalulekile lwebhayoloji lokuphazamiseka kwe-bipolar vs. umagazini iNeuropsychopharmacology.

Ukucindezeleka Okufundwayo Okubalulekile

Wazi Kanjani Uma Ukucindezeleka Kwakho Kuyathuthuka?