Ngaphakathi Engqondweni Yomuntu Oshisa Umlilo

I-inferno yomlilo odabukisayo eCalifornia icekele phansi izinkulungwane zamakhaya, yashisa amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamahektare, futhi yabulala abantu abaningi kulo nyaka. Kamuva nje, lonke idolobha lasePharadesi lancishiswa laba umlotha oshunqayo. Ukugqamisa ukuba sengozini kwanoma ngubani nanoma yini emandleni okubhubhisa umlilo wasendle, phakathi kwemizi elahlekile emlilweni waseCalifornia kuleli sonto kubalwa leyo yosaziwayo uMiley Cyrus, uNeil Young, noGerard Butler. Imililo yamanje isavutha ingalawuleki, futhi kusheshe kakhulu ukwazi izimbangela nobukhulu bokubhujiswa, kepha eminye yale mililo yaseCalifornia yashiswa ngenhloso. Indoda eneminyaka engu-51 ibekwe icala lokuqala umlilo waseNingizimu California Ongcwele. Indoda eneminyaka engu-32 ubudala ixhunyaniswe nemililo emihlanu yaseCalifornia. Hlobo luni lomuntu ophoqelelwa yi-pyromania ukubulala, ukwesabisa, ukubhubhisa izimpilo nempahla, nokucekela phansi ubuhle bemvelo ngomlilo?

Yize uMongameli uTrump ekhombe iminwe yokusola eCalifornia ngezinqubomgomo zayo zemvelo njengezimbangela zala ma-infernos, le nkinga akuyona eyehlukile kulowo mbuso. Phakathi kuka-Ephreli 2016 noMashi 2017, kwakukhona imililo engama-76,106 eNgilandi eyabekwa ngamabomu, ngokusho kukaTyler et al., Okwaholela ekulimaleni kwabantu abangu-1,027 nokufa kwabangu-47. Ukulahleka kwezezimali kuyamangalisa — amakhilogremu ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1,7 aseBrithani. Ucwaningo olufanayo luthola ukuthi e-United States balinganiselwa ku-261,330 imililo eyabekwa ngamabomu minyaka yonke, ebiza cishe isigidigidi esisodwa ekulimaleni kwempahla nokufa kwabantu abangama-440.

Ukushiswa kungasetshenziswa njengesikhali sokuziphindisela noma kushukunyiswa enye inhloso yokufihla, yokufihla, eyonakalisayo, kepha ukucisha umlilo nakho kuyimpoqo engenakuphikiswa kwabanye, eyaziwa njengendlela yokugula ngengqondo. Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka, kepha ngokujwayelekile, ukucisha umlilo akubhekwa njengesifo esihlukile, kepha njengokuziphatha okuvela kwesinye isifo esijulile.

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi abacishimlilo banamathuba amaningi okuthi babhaliswe nezinsizakalo zengqondo uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abaphula umthetho, futhi baphindwe kane uma kuqhathaniswa nezilawuli zomphakathi. Phakathi kwamaphesenti ayishumi kuya kwangamaphesenti angama-50 eziguli ezingeniswa emisebenzini yezempilo yezengqondo yezokuphepha okuphakathi nendawo zinerekhodi lokubeka umlilo ngamabomu. Ukubeka umlilo ebusheni nasebusheni bokuqala kubikezela i-schizophrenia empilweni yamuva. Ukuziphatha kokubeka umlilo kuhlotshaniswa nesihluku sezilwane ezinganeni; ezinye izici ezibucayi ezibalulekile ngokobulili besilisa, kanye nesisulu sokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi. Abashisi bomlilo bahlukile kubenzi bobubi abanodlame ngokuhlala bodwa emphakathini futhi bengenawo amakhono okubhekana nakho, futhi ukwanda kokuzibulala kuphakeme kakhulu kunokulawula. Abesifazane kubikwa ukuthi benza cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yomlilo osethwe ngamabomu, kepha kuncane okwaziwayo ngezimpawu zengqondo nezobugebengu zabacishi-mlilo besifazane. Abacishi-mlilo besifazane ocwaningweni lwakamuva bavame ukutholakala ukuthi banokudangala, ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa, nokuphazamiseka kobuntu kunabantu abashisa abesilisa.

Abacimi bomlilo babonakala beyiqembu elihlukile labaphula umthetho abaneqoqo lezimpawu zengqondo. Lokhu kuphakamisa isidingo sokwelashwa okukhethekile ukukhomba laba bantu abasejele nangaphambi kokuba babe ngamacala. Ucwaningo olukhulu kakhulu luyadingeka ukuqondisa ukwelashwa ngempumelelo, kepha ucwaningo oluncane lweziguli zabesilisa nabesifazane ezingama-63 ezinomlando wokubeka ngamabomu ukucisha umlilo, ezishicilelwe nguTyler kanye nozakwabo e2018, zilandelele ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokungenelela zabenzi bokubi abakhubazeke ngokwengqondo. Imiphumela iphakamisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwehlise kakhulu ukuphoqelelwa ukuqala imililo, kepha ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka ukunweba nokuqinisekisa lolu cwaningo lwabadobi abancane.

Imibono ngabashisi ishintshile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwe-pyromania ngo-2018 eNtshonalanga Yurophu phakathi kweminyaka ye-1800-1950, nguLydia Dalhuisen, isazi sobugebengu e-Ultrecht University. Imininingwane ibonisa ukuthi i-pendulum iguquka emuva naphambili ukusuka ekubukweni njengecala ukuya ekuthatheni njengokugula kwengqondo. Uma kubhekwa njengokugula, ukujezisa abashisa ngomlilo uhlobo oluthile lokusangana kuba yinkinga yokuziphatha, kepha akungabazeki ukuthi kuningi okusamele kwenziwe ukunciphisa ukubhujiswa okubi ngomlilo umphakathi ohluphekayo.

Ngenkathi impikiswano yamanje igxile ethonyeni lokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kunani elihhahhamezayo namandla omlilo wasendle, akunakwa kangako ukuqonda ingqondo yomuntu ozokhanyisa umdlalo. Umphakathi ubhekene nezinselelo ezesabekayo zokubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu somhlaba, kepha ekufuneni izindlela zokuvimbela ukubhujiswa okuqothulayo kwemililo ehlasela iCalifornia nakwezinye izindawo, ukwenyuka kokwesekwa kocwaningo lwezengqondo kanye nezinsizakalo ezinkulu zezempilo yengqondo kungabonakala kunikeza indlela ephumelelayo futhi efinyeleleka kalula silwe nale inferno.