Ngabe Ukulutha Ukudla Kuyinto Yangempela?

Ingabe ungumlutha wokudla? Impela sonke sinolwazi, ngesinye isikhathi, lokwehluleka ukumelana nokudla okungaphezulu kokuphakanyiswa kokunikezwa kwamakhukhi nokhilimu, uphayi wekakhukhunathi, noma ushokoledi noma yini. Uma ungumthandi omkhulu wokudla okulula okunoshukela kanye nama-dessert, noma uthanda ukudla okuthosiwe, isibonelo, uyazi ukuthi isifiso singaba namandla kangakanani ukushaya usizo olwengeziwe lokudla "okungavunyelwe". Ungahle wenze ihlaya ngezifiso zakho njengoba uzithola ucabanga ngokuncane ngaphandle kokuzitika kwakho okulandelayo nokuzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukulawula ukuthi udla okungakanani.

Ngabe lokho kusho ukuthi ukudla "kuyisidakamizwa sakho ozikhethele sona," njengoba u-Oprah ake avuma ngaye? Ingabe "ungumlutha wokudla" uma ngamabomu udla i-calorie-dense (futhi kaningi imnandi kakhulu) kepha ukudla okungabazisayo okunomsoco okungaba nomthelela ezindabeni zesisindo futhi okungalimaza impilo yakho? Ingabe "ungumlutha wokudla" uma udla ngokweqile noma yikuphi ukudla ngenhloso yokunethezeka nenjabulo, noma kunjalo kudlula? Kuya ngokuthi ubuza kubani.

Abanye ososayensi bathi ukudla ngokweqile "okungenamsoco", noma ukudla okusheshayo, empeleni kushintsha i-wiring yakho yobuchopho kube sezingeni lokuthi ulahlekelwe amandla akho okumelana nalokhu kudla — noma ngabe uyazi ukuthi kunomthelela omubi enhlalakahleni yakho futhi kungenzeka badlale indima ekwakheni isifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingamahlalakhona.Qhathanisa indlela oziphatha ngayo nokudla komuntu onenkinga yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, futhi ungathola ukufana: Ingabe uzizwa uphucwa okuthile uma ungenazo izinhlobo ezithile zokudla? Ingabe wenza umzamo ohlangene wokugwema ukudla okuthile, bese ubuyela emuva lapho izifiso zakho zikhula? Ngabe uhlala udla ukudla okungenampilo yize wazi ukuthi kungakugulisa? Uma uphendula ngo "yebo" kule mibuzo, unezici ezithile ezifana nezomuntu onenkinga yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa.

Sekuyiminyaka, abacwaningi bekhombisa ukuthi ukudla okunama-kilojoule amaningi, okunoshukela namafutha kungadala ushintsho ekwakhekeni nasekujikelezeni kobuchopho. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi izifunda eziningi zobuchopho, kufaka phakathi lezo ezibandakanyeka ekulindeni nasekwanelisekeni okuvela emivuzweni, ziguqulwa ngezindlela ezifanayo ngokusebenzisa izidakamizwa nokusetshenziswa kokudla okunama-carb aphezulu nokudla okunamafutha amaningi — futhi ikakhulukazi ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuyizinto ecebile kuwo womabili ama-carbohydrate futhi amafutha.

Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe abaningi bayangabaza ukufaneleka kokulinganisa noma imiphi imikhuba yokudla ngokweqile, ngisho nokuziphatha okungalawuleki, nemikhuba yokulutha kwezidakamizwa (noma utshwala). Basikisela ukuthi ukufisa okunamandla kokudla okuthile kungaxhunyaniswa nokushayela okuhlukahluka phakathi kwabantu abahlukile, kepha ukuthi akufani nezifiso ezingalawuleki umuntu onenkinga yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ezwa izidakamizwa.

Lezi zingcweti zibuza umbono wokuthi ukuzitika ngokulangazelela okunjalo kokudla kunokuxhumana nanoma ikuphi ukungajwayelekile kwezinzwa noma kwezinto eziphilayo okunomthelela ekuphazamisekeni kokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa; kunalokho, bathi, kungaba yinkinga ngokungafisi nokuzilawula. Ukulutha kokudla kungafana nokulutha kwezidakamizwa ngandlela thile, bayavuma, kepha abukho ubufakazi obuqinile noma obukholisayo bokusekela noma yiziphi izimangalo zokuthi noma yikuphi ukudla kunendlela efanayo yokusebenza ebuchosheni njengezinto eziluthayo.

Kungashiwo ukuthi impikiswano enkulu ezungeze umqondo wokuba umlutha wokudla isegameni elifanayo elisetshenzisiwe, kanye nencazelo yomuntu “yokulutha.” Uma ungeke ukwazi ukulawula izifiso zakho futhi uhlale uvumela izifiso zokudla okungenampilo futhi, uwedwa, awukwazi ukushintsha imikhuba yakho yokudla, igama elithi “ukuluthwa ukudla” lingachaza imizwa yakho nokukhathazeka kwakho futhi, ngokunokwenzeka, nesidingo sakho sosizo.

Ngabe "ukuluthwa ukudla" kuyindlela yokudla okungakhubazekile, isenzo sokucindezela, noma empeleni kufana nokulutha kwezidakamizwa? Ingabe kuyinto yangempela? Leyo mibuzo ayikaze iphendulwe ngokwenelisa ochwepheshe abaningi. Kepha abantu abaningi abahlangabezana njalo nezinkanuko ezingalawuleki zokudla ukudla okunama-high-cal, anezakhi eziphansi kungenzeka baphendule ngo "yebo" - futhi amavoti abo angabakhona. Kungase kungabikho bufakazi obunamandla bokusekela izimangalo zalabo abelapha, abelulama, kanye amaqembu okweseka ukuluthwa kokudla, kepha ucwaningo ngokufana nokwehluka phakathi kokulutha ukudla nokuluthwa yizidakamizwa kufanele kuqhubeke — futhi ubufakazi obunamandla bungase buseza.

I-Fletcher PC noKenny PJ. Ukulutha kokudla: umqondo ovumelekile? I-Neuropsychopharmacology. Septhemba 6, 2018. 43: 2506-2513.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-018-0203-9