Ingabe Ukuntuleka Kokuzithoba Kobuhlakani Yini Okugulisa iMelika?

Kunezizathu eziningi zokubangela ukwehlukaniswa kwezepolitiki ezweni kanye nokonakala kwenkulumo yomphakathi.

Ngicabanga ukuthi ukuntuleka kokuthobeka kungenye yazo.

Encwadini yakhe yakamuva, Ukufa Kobuchwepheshe, Isazi sezokuphepha kuzwelonke uTom Nichols uchaze uhlobo lomuntu ngamunye wethu mhlawumbe amaziyo:

“Bancane nabadala, bacebile futhi bayahlupheka, abanye banemfundo, abanye bahlome nge-laptop noma ikhadi lomtapo wolwazi kuphela. Kepha konke kunento eyodwa efana ngayo: Bangabantu abavamile abakholelwa ukuthi empeleni bangamabutho olwazi. [Ba] kholelwa ukuthi banolwazi ngaphezu kongoti, banolwazi oluningi ukwedlula osolwazi, futhi banokuqonda okwedlula izixuku ezikhohliseka kalula ... ”

Yini eyenza lezi ziqhwaga zikhathaze? Ngicabanga ukuthi isici sobuntu esanda kwakhiwa esaziwa ngokuthi "Ukuthobeka Kokuqonda" sinikeza ukuqonda okuthile.

Ukuthobeka kwengqondo kuye kwaba yisihloko esishisayo emkhakheni wezengqondo zobuntu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, sekuqubuke inqwaba yezifundo eziqhakambisa indima ebalulekile eziyidlalayo olwazini lwethu, ebudlelwaneni nasekubukeni komhlaba.

Manje kwenzekani lapho wonke umuntu ecabanga ukuthi bahlakaniphile ukwedlula wonke umuntu?

Izici zakho zinquma ukuthi ungubani

Ukubona ubuntu bomuntu njengenkanyezi yezici kubuyela eGrisi naseRoma lasendulo. Namuhla, kwamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi izici zobuntu zinesisekelo esiqinile sezinto eziphilayo nezofuzo ezingakhuliswa noma zithuliswe ngandlela thile ngokuhlangenwe nakho.

Kunezici eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezifundwe izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo kule minyaka engama-70 edlule. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwalezi zimfanelo eziningi buvame ukuhlukaniswa baba yizilinganiso ezinhlanu esezaziwa njenge- "Big Five": ukukhuphula umthetho, ukuvumelana, ukuvuleleka kokuhlangenwe nakho, unembeza, kanye ne-neuroticism.

Lapho umuntu ewela ngazinye zalezi zilinganiso ahlinzeka ngamathambo ngobuntu, obungasuswa ngenqwaba yezinye izici, ezinokuxakeka okuningi, njengokuziqapha kanye nendawo yokulawula.

Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, enye yalezi zici ezisemaphethelweni, "ukuthobeka kwengqondo," ithole ukunakwa okuningi, ikakhulu ngenxa yocwaningo oluthile lokuphayona olwenziwe yizazi zokusebenza kwengqondo uCameron Hopkin noStacey McElroy-Heltzel.

Ukuzimisela ukwenza iphutha

Kafushane nje, ukuthobeka ngokwengqondo kukhombisa izinga umuntu azimisele ngalo okungenani ukujabulela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unephutha ngokuthile. Abantu abazitholela phezulu ngokuthobeka ngokwengqondo bavame ukuvuleleka ngokwengeziwe kokuhlangenwe nakho futhi bavumeleke ngokwengeziwe.

UHopkin noMcElroy-Heltzel babona ukuthobeka ngokwengqondo njengendlela yokuhlola izinkolelo ezithile zenkolo nokuthi abantu bakusingatha kanjani ukungafani ngokwenkolo kwansuku zonke.

Kodwa-ke, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseDuke University uMark Leary washeshe wakubona ukubaluleka kwalesi sici ezindabeni ezahlukahlukene zezombusazwe nezenhlalo futhi wagcina esenza uchungechunge lwezifundo ezinethonya lokuhlola ukuthi le mikhuba ibikezela kanjani ukusabela kwethu kubantu nemibono esingavumelani nayo.

ULeary uthole ukuthi abantu abashaya amaphuzu ekugcineni kwenqubo yokuthobeka kwengqondo ngokuhlukile kunalabo abathola amaphuzu ekugcineni okuphansi. Isibonelo, bayakubekezelela ukungacaci, futhi bayabona ukuthi akuyona yonke inkinga enempendulo eyodwa, ecacile noma umphumela. Lapho bezwa isimangalo, maningi amathuba okuthi bafune ubufakazi futhi bakhethe izimpikiswano ezinamacala amabili nezinokulinganisela.

Ngeshwa, iningi labantu alitholi amaphuzu aphezulu ekuthobekeni kwengqondo.

ULeary uthole ukuthi lapho ebuza lo mbuzo olandelayo— “Cabanga ngakho konke ukungaboni ngaso linye enibe nakho ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule. Ucabanga ukuthi uqinisile ngamaphesenti amangaki esikhathi? ”- impendulo evamile yayingamaphesenti angama-66. Kwakungavamile ukuthi umuntu abike ukuthi ulungile ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-50 esikhathi.

Kungani ukuthobeka okuncane kangaka namuhla?

Ingabe kukhona okuthile ngomphakathi waseMelika wekhulu lama-21 okhuthaza ukungathobeli ngokwengqondo — okungukuthi, kunalokho, okubonakala kukhuthaza okuphambene nalokho?

Ukusola okuthiwa “ochwepheshe” nokudelela isayensi nokuba nengqondo kuyisiko lakudala laseMelika.

I-twist entsha, nokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zezindaba nemithombo yezokuxhumana emakamelweni e-echo, lapho abantu abanomqondo ofanayo beqinisa umbono womunye nomunye, okwenza kube lula kunakuqala ukucasha ngokungazi kwethu. Amathuba amancane okuthi sivezwe kumaqiniso noma emibonweni esingavumelani nayo, ngaphandle kwalapho icekelwa phansi noma ichithwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zethu zemvelo.

Ukuthola ukuqinisekiswa kwansuku zonke kwemibono yethu kanye ne-intuition evela ku-TV naku-intanethi ngokwemvelo kusenza sizibone njengabahlakaniphile abahle kahle. Lokhu kungaba nobuthi ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlanganiswe nokungahloniphi ubuchwepheshe.

Kusho ukuthini lokhu kwipolitiki yethu

Ngokusho kukaLeary, iqembu lakho lezombusazwe noma inkolo yakho ayihambisani nokuzithoba okuphezulu noma okuphansi kwengqondo.

Kodwa-ke, labo abane ngokweqile ngokwedlulele imibono yezenkolo nezepolitiki ivame ukwehlisa ukuthobeka kwengqondo. Akukacaci okwamanje ukuthi imibono evamile yezepolitiki yabavoti iya ngokuya isiba nzima kakhulu, kodwa kunobufakazi bokuthi lokhu kungaba yiqiniso kulabo ababambe iqhaza kakhulu kwezepolitiki.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abavoti abaningi babonakala bethanda abaholi abazethembayo, abathatha izinqumo futhi abangashintshi ukuma kwabo ezindabeni — zona kanye izimfanelo ezingatholakala kalula kulabo abangenakho ukuthobeka kwengqondo.

Eqinisweni, ucwaningo luye lwathola ukuthi amaRephabliki - kepha hhayi amaDemokhrasi - aphansi ekuthobekeni kwengqondo abika ukuthi mancane amathuba okuthi avotele usopolitiki oseshintshe ukuma kwakhe odabeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, maye kulowo ofuna ihhovisi leRiphabhulikhi oseshintshe ukuma odabeni ngenxa yobufakazi obusha, njengoba ilebula elesabekayo le- “flip-flopper” selizosetshenziswa.

Kukhona okungaqondakali kukho konke lokhu: Ngokusho kocwaningo lwamuva, abantu abanokuzithoba okukhulu ngokwengqondo empeleni banokuqonda okuphezulu kolwazi olujwayelekile. Futhi mancane amathuba okuthi baziqhayise ngobuhlakani babo bengqondo kunabashayi magoli abaphansi.

Lokhu kudala ukudideka kosopolitiki abaphumelela kakhulu ekuthobekeni kwengqondo, njengoba bengabonakala benganqikazi kwabanye. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bathambekele ekulinganiseni ubufakazi ngokucophelela futhi bathathe isikhathi eside ukufinyelela esinqumweni kunomholi ovele "ahambisane namathumbu akhe."

Futhi ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaphezulu ekuzithobeni ngokwengqondo banentshisekelo yokuthola ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bengavumelani nabo, osopolitiki abanale mfanelo kungenzeka bangathathwa “njengabadlali beqembu” futhi bangabonakala njengabalungele ukuyekethisa.

Esikhathini lapho kufakwa imali ekhokhelwa ukwethembeka kweqembu futhi kuthathwe indlela ye-hardball yokubhekana nabaphikisi, lokhu kungahle kutholakale njengobuthakathaka.

UJeremy Peters weNew York Times ukhale ngokuthi intukuthelo yezepolitiki nentukuthelo yokuziphatha ukuphela kwezinto abantu baseMelika abafana ngazo ngempela. Ukuqonda izikhundla zabaphikisi bethu, uqaphele, sekuwubuciko obulahlekile. Ukuntuleka kokuthobeka ngokwengqondo kungaba ngesinye sezici ezikhubaza ikhono lethu lokuhlanganyela enkulumweni yomphakathi.

Futhi ngenkathi kungenzeka ukuthi akukaze kube khona ukuthobeka ngokweqile eWashington, DC, akuvamile ukuthi kucace ngokusobala njengoba kunjalo nanamuhla.

Uhlobo oluhluke kancane lwale ndatshana luqale ukuvela Engxoxweni. Funda i-athikili yokuqala.