Isimo Sobuchopho Besimanje Esixhunyaniswe Ne-Parietal Lobes neCerebellum

-Delile

• Ukuqhuma kwe-Cerebellum ne-Parietal Lobes ku-Early Human Drives Drives Ukubumbana kobuchopho bonke

Isimo sesimanjemanje sembulunga yobuchopho bethu besintu savela kancane kancane futhi simakwe ukuqubuka kwawo womabili ama-parietal lobes kanye ne-cerebellum (ngesiLatini "ubuchopho obuncane"), ngokusho kohlaziyo olusha Homo sapiens izinsalela zezinsalela zezazi ze-paleoanthropologists ezivela eMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology eLeipzig, eJalimane. Iphepha labo lakamuva, elithi "The Evolution of Modern Human Brain Shape," lakhishwa ngoJanuwari 24, 2018, kumagazini i-S Intuthuko ye-cience .

Njengoba imifanekiso engenhla nezithombe ezingezansi zibonisa, ubuchopho bomuntu banamuhla bunjengembulunga kakhulu kunezihlobo zethu zaseNeanderthal ezingasekho, ezazinokhakhayi olude. Ubukhulu bomhlaba womuntu wesimanje endocranial cast buhlobene ngqo nazo zombili izingxenyana ze-cerebrum (ngesiLatin elisho "ubuchopho") kanye nezindawo zombili ze-cerebellum-ezakha wonke umhlaba we-cranial-ziba njengebhola le-volleyball eyindilinga futhi zingafani ne-oval- ibhola lombhoxo elifakwe.

Okutholwe kwakamuva nguNeubauer et al. iqinisekisa olunye ucwaningo lwesimanje olukhombe izinguquko ezithile zofuzo ezihlobene nokuthuthuka kobuchopho kusukela abantu bahlukana phakathi kwamaNeanderthals kanye Homo sapiens . Abaphenyi bakwaMax Planck balinganisela ukuthi ukuma kwethu kobuchopho besimanje kwavela kancane kancane ngaphakathi kwe- Homo sapiens ’ uhlu lozalo futhi lwafinyelela kubuningi bosuku lwanamuhla cishe eminyakeni eyi-100,000 kuya kwengama-35,000 edlule.

Ukuqhuma kwe-Cerebellum ne-Parietal Lobes ku-Early Human Drives Drives Ukubumbana kobuchopho bonke

Okuthathwe kakhulu kuleli phepha ukuthi ukuqubuka kwe-cerebellum kanye ne-parietal lobes kungukhiye ekuthuthukiseni ubumbano lobuchopho bethu banamuhla, banamuhla.

Njengoba abalobi bachaza: "Izici ezimbili zale nqubo zigqama: i-parietal ne-cerebellar bulging. Izindawo ze-Parietal zibandakanyekile ekuqondisweni, ekunakekelweni, ekubonweni kwesikhuthazo, ukuguqulwa kwesistimotor okuyisisekelo sokuhlela, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-visuospatial, isithombe, ukuziqwashisa, ukusebenza nokude- inkumbulo yesikhathi, ukucubungula izinombolo, nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhuma kweparietal kubantu banamuhla kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokuhluka kwesimo esikhulu ku-precuneus. ukuhleleka kobuchopho. UBruner et al. ngakho-ke uphethe ngokuthi ukunwetshwa kwe-precuneus ku Homo sapiens ihlobene nokukhethekile kokuqonda. "

Ngokuphathelene nokukhula nokusebenza kwe-cerebellar, ababhali babhala: "I-cerebellum ayihlanganiswa nje nemisebenzi ehlobene nezimoto njengokuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza kanye nokulinganisela kepha futhi nokucubungula indawo, inkumbulo yokusebenza, ulimi, ukuqonda komphakathi, kanye nokusebenza okuhambisanayo. izinguquko zomumo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-posterior cranial fossa zixhumene nokwanda okusheshayo kwe-cerebellar ngesikhathi sokukhula kobuchopho be-perinatal.Imininingwane yemitholampilo evela kubantu besimanje ikhombisa ukuthi ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala zokuphila, i-cerebellum ikhula ngezinga eliphakeme kunazo zonke izingxenye zobuchopho (ngaphezu Ukuphindaphindeka ezinsukwini ezingama-90). I-cerebellum ivame ukushiwo ezinkingeni zokuqala ebuntwaneni futhi yaziwa njengengcupheni yamathonya ezemvelo zisencane. "

Yize kuhlala kuyimfihlakalo ukuthi ubuchopho bethu obumise umhlaba bavela kanjani futhi nini, izici zobumbano zibonakala zikhula ngesikhathi sokubeletha kanye nangemva kokubeletha sokukhula kwengqondo okusheshayo. Esitatimendeni, omunye wababhali u-Philipp Gunz uthe: "Ukuvela kwesimo se-endocranial ngaphakathi Homo sapiens iphakamisa izinguquko zokuvela kokukhula kobuchopho kwasekuqaleni - isikhathi esibucayi sokwenza izintambo ze-neural nokukhula kwengqondo. "

Ngenxa yalokhu, abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi izinguquko zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ekukhuleni kobuchopho bokuqala zazixhunyaniswe ngqo nokuvela kokuqonda komuntu. UJean-Jacques Hublin, umbhali kanye nomqondisi woMnyango Wezokuziphendukela Kwemvelo eMax Planck Institute eLeipzig, uthe: "Ukuvela kancane kancane kwesimo sobuchopho besimanje somuntu kubukeka kufana nokuvela kancane kancane kwesimilo sokuziphatha njengoba kubonakala embhalweni wezinto zakudala . "

Ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe nguSimon Neubauer nozakwabo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuqhuma kwama-lobari we-parietal kanye ne-cerebellum kwanika ubuchopho bethu besimanje isimo sayo se-globular. Lokhu okutholakele kunezela emzimbeni okhulayo wobufakazi obeka ukwakheka nokuxhumeka okusebenzayo kwawo womabili ama-hemispheres we-cerebral nawo womabili ama-hemispheres we-cerebellar ekukhanyeni.