Akukhona Konke Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane Okubangela Ukugula Ngengqondo

-Delile

• Ukuphenya Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane: Izindlela
• Ukuphenya Ngokuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane: Okutholakele
• Isiphetho: Imibiko Yezinhloso kanye Nezihloko Zokuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane

Ake sithi, ngokuya ngamarekhodi asenkantolo asemthethweni, wahlukunyezwa useyingane, kepha awukhumbuli. Manje ake sithi ingane yakini ikhumbula ihlukunyezwa, kepha awekho amarekhodi asemthethweni enkantolo abonisa ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa kwenzeka. Yimuphi kini okungenzeka ukuthi ahlaselwe ukugula ngengqondo ngokuzayo?

Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, sibheka ephepheni lakamuva, likaDanese noWidom, elishicilelwe kumagazini ka-Agasti ka Ukuziphatha Komuntu Kwemvelo . Leli phepha liphakamisa ubufakazi obuhlosiwe kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuziphethe kokuhlukunyezwa kwengane akuhlobene ngokufanayo ne-psychopathology yesikhathi esizayo kanye nokugula kwengqondo.

Ukuphenya Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane: Izindlela

Uphenyo olwenziwe yiWidom neDanese lusebenzise imininingwane yesigaba sesibili sokuphenya ngokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane nokunganakwa. Isampula lasekuqaleni lalibandakanye ababambiqhaza abangama-908 ababekade beyizisulu zokuhlukunyezwa / ukunganakwa ngokwezingane ngokwamarekhodi asemthethweni avela ezinkantolo zamacala e-U.S. Iqembu eliqhathanisayo — ababambiqhaza abangama-667 ababengenawo amarekhodi okunukubezwa nokunganakwa kwezingane — bafaniswa nemibandela efana nobulili, ubudala, ubuhlanga, nesigaba senhlalo.

Ngakho-ke, isampula ephelele ibandakanya abantu abangu-1,575. Kokulandelwa, kwathintwa abangu-1,307, lapho iqembu eli-1,196 (abesilisa abangamaphesenti angama-51; abamhlophe abangamaphesenti angama-63; iminyaka yobudala engama-29; iminyaka eyi-11 yemfundo) babamba iqhaza ezinkulumweni eziningiliziwe zabantu.

Izingxoxo zibandakanya imibuzo mayelana nokuhlangenwe nakho kokunganakwa kwengane, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi, kanye nomlando wamanje nowesikhathi sokugula kwengqondo.

Ukuphenya Ngokuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane: Okutholakele

Ukuhlaziywa kwedatha kukhonjwe amaqembu amathathu-ahlukaniswa ngokususelwa ekutheni ngabe ubufakazi obuyinhloso noma obuyimfihlo bokuhlukunyezwa ebuntwaneni babikwa yini:

1. Inhloso: Ikhonjwa njengezisulu (amarekhodi asenkantolo) kepha ayikwazi ukukhumbula ukuphathwa kabi.
2. Isihloko: Akukhonjwa njengezisulu (awekho amarekhodi) kepha kukhumbule ukuphathwa kabi.
3. Inhloso nokuzithoba: Izisulu (amarekhodi asenkantolo) futhi wakhumbula ukuphathwa kabi.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwalawa maqembu kukhombisile, ngisho nasemacaleni abucayi kakhulu akhonjwe ngokususelwa kumarekhodi asenkantolo, ingozi yokugula ngengqondo yabonakala “incane uma kungekho ukulinganisa okuzimele.” Futhi ubungozi be-psychopathology babuphezulu kulabo ababenokuhlangenwe nakho okuzimele kokuhlukunyezwa, noma ngabe awekho amarekhodi asemthethweni ezehlakalo zokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane.

Lokhu okutholwayo kuvumelana nocwaningo lwangaphambilini ngesampula efanayo, okukhombise ukuthi labo abasengozini enkulu yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ikakhulukazi ngabantu ababika ukuhlukunyezwa ebuntwaneni — hhayi labo abachazwa njengezisulu zokuhlukunyezwa ngamarekhodi asemthethweni.

Isiphetho: Imibiko Yezinhloso kanye Nezihloko Zokuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane

Ekuphetheni, kubonakala sengathi labo “abathatha okuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ebuntwaneni njengokuphathwa kabi,” kungakhathalekile umlando obhaliwe, banengozi enkulu yokugula ngengqondo.

Sidinga ukuphenya ukuthi kungani abantu abathile bekhulisa ukuhlolwa okuzithobayo kokuhlukunyezwa lapho kungekho bufakazi obuqondile bokuphathwa kabi. Ezinye izindawo zokutadisha zifaka phakathi ukusikisela, kanye nokubona kanye nokukhumbula inkumbulo okuhlobene nezici zobuntu noma ukugula kwengqondo kwangaphambilini.

Futhi sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ezinye izingane ezihlukunyezwayo zibona futhi zikhumbule okuhlangenwe nakho kwazo njengokuhlukunyezwa kanti ezinye zingakuboni. Izici ezingaba khona ezibandakanya iminyaka yokuhlukunyezwa, ubunzima bokuphathwa kabi, ukuqina kokuhlupheka okwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi, izici zemvelo (isib.

Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukuthi singayisebenzisi idatha ukufinyelela eziphethweni ezingalungile, njengokucabanga ukuthi ukuhlukumeza izingane akukubi kangako uma kungukuthi kuthinteka kabi lokho ngokuzithoba (isb., Ungabi nesifo esibi sengqondo), ngemuva kweminyaka . Njengoba ababhali bephawula, lokhu okutholakele “akukunciphisi ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kabi ezimpilweni zezingane. Ukuphathwa budlabha kungukwephula okuyisisekelo kwamalungelo ezingane futhi kungumsebenzi wokuziphatha ukubavikela ekuhlukunyezweni nasekunganakwa. ”