I-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Ukuvuselelwa Kocwaningo

Ukuhlala ekhaya nokugeza izandla kaningi kunconywa ukulwa nokusabalala kwe-COVID-19. Ngabe ukwenqaba ukuthinta into yomunye umuntu kuthinte ukuphoqelelwa noma isilinganiso esifanele sokuphepha njengamanje? Kungasiphi isikhathi lapho ukwesaba ukungenwa ukugula kuba yindida?

Ochwepheshe bezempilo bachaza ukugula okucindezela ngokweqile (OCD) lapho inani lokucindezeleka likhulu ngokweqile futhi kuthinta amandla omuntu okusebenza. Ubhadane luletha izinselelo ezithile ezihlukile ekwamukelweni nasekwelapheni i-OCD.

Ukwesaba ukungcoliswa, okungabonakala njengokuvikela, akuzona ukuphela kwezimpawu iziguli ezine-OCD ezihlushwa manje. Ukuqaphela kungafaka imicabango engavunyelwe yocansi noma ubudlova, ukukhathazeka ngokwenkolo, noma isidingo sokulinganisa.

Ukwelashwa okukhethwa kukho kwe-OCD luhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) olubizwa ngokuthi yi-exposure kanye ne-response (ERP) nemithi. I-ERP iqukethe ukuvezwa kancane kancane kwezimbangela ngenkathi kugcinwa umuntu ekwenzeni ukuphoqelelwa kwakhe nokuphatha noma imiphi imicabango ehlobene nesipiliyoni.

Nazi izifundo ezintathu ezisanda kushicilelwa ezibuyekeza izidingo zamanje nezinkomba zesikhathi esizayo zokwelashwa kwe-OCD:

1. ERP ngesikhathi ubhadane

Ukubuyekezwa kwakamuva komtholampilo kuxoxwe ngezinselele zokwelapha iziguli ezine-OCD nge-telehealth ngesikhathi se-COVID-19. Cishe uhhafu weziguli ezine-OCD unokwesaba kokungcola, ngakho-ke i-ERP ngokuvamile izobandakanya ukuphuma endlini nokungagezi ngokweqile. Odokotela kufanele balinganise izindinganiso zokuziphatha zokuqhubeka nalolu hlobo lomsebenzi wokuchayeka ngesikhathi sobhadane olubhekene nengozi yokuchayeka ku-COVID-19.

Kukhona izingozi ezihlukile ezigulini ezinezimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona ezithinta ukuzivikela kwazo, kepha abelaphi abakwazi ukukhawulela imisebenzi kangangoba iseshini ayisasebenzi. I-ERP iyindlela yokwelashwa ephumelela kunazo zonke ye-OCD futhi ingaqhubeka ngokuphepha nge-telehealth.

Ukuvezwa kufanele kuqhubeke ngokulandela imihlahlandlela yeCentre for Disease Control (CDC) ezindaweni ezivulekile, ezinabantu abaningi. Abahlengikazi nabo bangashintsha ukugxila kuzimpawu ezingaphansi kokuboshelwa ekwesabeni ukungcola.

2. Ukubikezela impendulo ku-ERP

Ucwaningo olwenziwe e-University of Michigan luhlolisise ukuthi ngabe ukusebenza kobuchopho kuhlotshaniswa nempendulo yokwelashwa kwi-CBT esekwe ekuchayekeni.

Iziguli ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesikhombisa ezine-OCD zabelwa ngokungahleliwe ukuthola amaviki angu-12 e-CBT noma ukungenelela kokulawula okubizwa nge-stress management therapy. Ngaphambi kokwelashwa, abacwaningi babenza ukuskena kobuchopho obusebenzayo be-MRI (fMRI) ngenkathi iziguli zenza uchungechunge lwemisebenzi. Baqede ukukala kwesisindo se-Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) kulo lonke ukwelashwa.

Iziguli ezinempendulo ebaluleke kakhulu ku-CBT zikhombise ukwenziwa okuningi ezindaweni eziningi zobuchopho ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa. Izifunda ezisebenzayo zihlotshaniswa nokulawulwa kokuqonda nokucutshungulwa komvuzo. Le mininingwane iphakamisa ukuthi ukuskena kobuchopho kungakhomba ama-biomarkers ukwenza ukwelashwa ku-OCD.

3. Imiphumela yensangu

Iphepha labaphenyi baseWashington State University lithola ukunakwa okuningi okunikezwa insangu yezokwelapha. Kunemininingwane emincane kakhulu maqondana nokusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis ezigulini ezine-OCD, futhi okukhona kusikisela ukuthi insangu ingasibhebhethekisa lesi simo.

Izifundo ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nesikhombisa ezilinganiselwe zifake ubunzima besifo kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Strainprint izinyanga ezingama-31. Ngemuva kokubhema insangu, babika ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphoqiwe kuncishiswe ngamaphesenti angama-60, imicabango engafuneki ngamaphesenti angama-49, nokukhathazeka ngamaphesenti angama-52. Izinkinga ze-cannabis ezinokugxila okuphezulu kwe-cannabidiol (i-CBD) zihlotshaniswa nokuncipha okukhulu kokucindezelwa.

Ucwaningo aluzange lulandele ukwakheka kokuhlola njengoba lalingekho iqembu lokulawula, futhi ababambiqhaza bazibiza njenge-OCD. Ukuthuthuka kokulinganiswa kwezimpawu kwehle ngesikhathi, kusikisela inzuzo encane yesikhathi eside.

Imicabango Yokugcina

Ungayeki i-ERP, ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu kwe-OCD, ngoba kuyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sobhadane. Ngokuzayo, abahlinzeki bezokwelapha bangakwazi ukusebenzisa i-fMRI ukubikezela ukuthi yiziphi iziguli ezingaphendula kakhulu i-ERP. I-cannabis ingahlinzeka ngosizo lwesikhashana kwezinye iziguli ze-OCD, kepha kudingeka izifundo ezihleleke kakhudlwana.