Ama-Pacini Corpuscles: Yiziphi Lezi Zezamukeli Futhi Zisebenza Kanjani

-Delile

• Uhlobo lwe-mechanoreceptor lusatshalaliswa esikhumbeni nasezitho zangaphakathi ezahlukahlukene.
• Yini ama-Pacus corpuscle?
• Iyiphi indima abayidlalayo?
• Bakuphi futhi banjani?
• Indlela yokusebenza

Uhlobo lwe-mechanoreceptor lusatshalaliswa esikhumbeni nasezitho zangaphakathi ezahlukahlukene.

Ama-corpuscle kaPacini zingenye zezinhlobo ezine zama-mechanoreceptors avumela umqondo wokuthinta, kokubili kubantu nakwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezincelisayo.

Ngenxa yalawa maseli siyakwazi ukubona ingcindezi nokudlidliza esikhunjeni sethu, kubaluleke kakhulu lapho sibona izinsongo zomzimba ezingaba khona kanye nasezintweni njengemihla ngemihla njengokuthatha izinto emvelweni.

Kungabukeka sengathi bebancane kakhulu abazinikeli okuningi, kepha-ke, i-neuroscience ibhekise kubo ngokuphelele, ngoba ibalulekile ekuziphatheni kwethu nasekusindeni kwethu, okungukuthi, ngokubuka kwePsychology neBiology. Ake sibone ukuthi lezi zinhlaka ezincane sonke esinazo zenzani esithweni sethu esikhulu kunazo zonke, isikhumba.

Yini ama-Pacus corpuscle?

Ngaphandle komqondo olula wokuthi abantu banezinzwa ezinhlanu, kukhona iqiniso: kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezindlela zezinzwa ezisazisa ngokwenzekayo emvelweni nasemzimbeni wethu. Imvamisa, ngaphansi kwelebula le- "touch" eziningana zazo ziqoqiwe, ezinye zazo ezikwazi ukudala ulwazi oluhluke kakhulu komunye nomunye.

Ama-Pacin corpuscles, abizwa nangokuthi ama-lamellar corpuscles, yiwo enye yezinhlobo ezine zama-mechanoreceptors eziphethe umuzwa wokuthinta, etholakala esikhunjeni somuntu. Zizwela kakhulu ukucindezela nokudlidliza okungenzeka esikhunjeni, kungaba ngokuthinta into noma ngesenzo sokunyakaza okuthile komuntu. Lawa maseli aqanjwa ngegama lawo owatholile, isazi somzimba wase-Italy uFilippo Pacini.

Lezi zidumbu, yize zitholakala kuso sonke isikhumba, zitholakala ngezinga elikhulu ezindaweni lapho izinwele zingatholakali khona, njengezintende zezandla, iminwe kanye namathe ezinyawo. Banekhono elisheshayo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zomzimba, okuvumela isignali esheshayo ukuthi ithunyelwe ohlelweni lwezinzwa kepha inciphe ngokuqhubekayo njengoba umfutho uqhubeka nokuxhumana nesikhumba.

Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lwamaseli, abantu bangakwazi bona izinto ezibonakalayo zomzimba ezifana nokuthungwa komhlaba, uburhabaxa, ngaphezu kokusebenzisa amandla afanele ngokususelwa ekutheni sifuna ukubamba noma ukukhipha into okukhulunywa ngayo.

Iyiphi indima abayidlalayo?

Ama-corpuscle kaLamellar noma ePacini angamaseli aphendula intshisekelo yezinzwa nasekuguqukeni okungenzeka ngokushesha okungenzeka kuyo. Yingakho umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukuthola ukudlidliza esikhunjeni, ngaphezu kwezinguquko kwingcindezi engatholwa yilezi zicubu.

Lapho kunokuguquguquka noma ukunyakaza okudlidlizayo esikhunjeni, ama-corpuscle akhipha isenzo esingaba khona esigungwini sezinzwa, ngaleyo ndlela sithumele isignali ohlelweni lwemizwa olugcina lufinyelele ebuchosheni.

Ngenxa yokuzwela kwabo okukhulu, lezi zinhlanganisela ingabona ukudlidliza kwemvamisa esondele kuma-250 hertz (Hz). Lokhu, ngenxa yokuqonda, kusho ukuthi isikhumba somuntu siyakwazi ukuthola ukuhamba kwezinhlayiya eziseduze ne-micron eyodwa (1 μm) ngosayizi ezandleni zomunwe. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ziveze ukuthi ziyakwazi ukwenziwa ukuthi zisebenze ngokudlidliza kumabanga we-30 kuye ku-100 Hz.

Bakuphi futhi banjani?

Ngokwesakhiwo, izinhlaka zikaPacini abe nesimo se-oval, kwesinye isikhathi sifana kakhulu nesilinda. Usayizi wayo uzungeze imilimitha ubude ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi.

Lawa maseli zenziwe ngamashidi amaningi, abizwa nangokuthi i-lamellae, futhi kungalesi sizathu elinye igama labo kungama-lamellar corpuscle. Lezi zingqimba zingaba phakathi kuka-20 no-60, futhi zakhiwa ngama-fibroblast, uhlobo lweseli elixhuma, nezicubu ezihlangene zemicu. Ama-lamellae awanakho ukuthintana ngqo, kepha ahlukaniswa izingqimba ezincanyana kakhulu ze-collagen, enokuqina kwe-gelatinous namaphesenti aphezulu wamanzi.

A i-nerve fiber evikelwe yi-myelin ingena engxenyeni engezansi yesidumbu, esifinyelela engxenyeni emaphakathi yeseli, siba sikhulu futhi sidilize udini lapho singena ku-corpuscle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imithambo yegazi eminingana nayo ingena kule ngxenye engezansi, engena ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zamalambu ezakha i-mechanoreceptor.

Ama-corpuscle kaPacini zitholakala ku-hypodermis yawo wonke umzimba. Lolu ungqimba lwesikhumba lutholakala engxenyeni ejulile yezicubu, kepha-ke lunezingxube ezahlukahlukene zamalambu we-lamellar ngokuya ngendawo yomzimba.

Yize zitholakala zombili ezinesikhumba esinoboya nobucwebecwebe, okungukuthi, isikhumba esingenabo uboya, ziningi kakhulu ezindaweni ezingenaboya, njengezintende zezandla nezinyawo. Empeleni, kungatholakala izidumbu ezingaba ngu-350 emunweni ngamunye wezandla, futhi cishe zingama-800 ezintendeni zezandla.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamaseli wezinzwa ahlobene nomuzwa wokuthinta, amangqamuzana ePacini atholakala ngesilinganiso esiphansi. Kufanele futhi kuthiwe ezinye izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli wokuthinta, okungukuthi, lawo kaMeissner, Merkel noRuffini mancane kunalawo ePacini.

Kuyathakazelisa ukusho ukuthi izidumbu zePacini azitholakali kuphela esikhunjeni somuntu, kodwa nakwezinye izakhiwo zangaphakathi zomzimba. Amaseli we-Lamellar atholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene njenge isibindi, izitho zocansi, amanyikwe, i-periosteum, ne-mesentery. Kucatshangelwe ukuthi lawa maseli azoba nomsebenzi wokuthola ukudlidliza kwemishini ngenxa yokuhamba kulezi zitho ezithile, ukuthola imisindo yemvamisa ephansi.

Indlela yokusebenza

Izidumbu zikaPacini ziphendula ngokukhipha amasiginali ohlelweni lwezinzwa lapho ama-lamellae azo ekhubazekile. Lokhu kusonteka kubangela ukuthi kokubili ukusonteka nokucindezela kulwelwesi lweseli lwesiginali sezinzwa kwenzeke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu ulwelwesi lukhubazekile noma lugobile, kungaleso sikhathi lapho isignali yezinzwa ithunyelwa ezinhlakeni eziyinhloko zemizwa, kokubili umgogodla nobuchopho.

Lokhu kusayinda kunencazelo kagesi. Njengoba ulwelwesi lwe-cytoplasmic lwe-sensory neuron deforms, iziteshi ze-sodium, ezizwela ingcindezi, zivulekile. Ngale ndlela, ion i-sodium (Na +) ikhishelwa esikhaleni se-synaptic, okwenza ulwelwesi lweseli ludilize futhi lukhiqize amandla esenzo, okwenza kube nomfutho wezinzwa.

Ama-corpuscle kaPacini phendula ngokwezinga lengcindezi etholakala esikhunjeni. Okungukuthi, uma kunengcindezi eyengeziwe, amasignali ezinzwa athunyelwa ngokwengeziwe. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi sikwazi ukubona phakathi kokuthamba okuthambile nobuthakathaka nokuminyanisa okungasilimaza.

Kodwa-ke, kunesinye futhi isimanga esingabonakala siphikisana naleli qiniso, futhi lokho ngukuthi njengoba zingama-receptors wokuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokushesha, ngemuva kwesikhashana baqala ukuthumela amasiginali ambalwa ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ngalesi sizathu, nangemva kwesikhathi esifushane, uma sithinta into, iphuzu lifika lapho ukuthinta kwalo kungazi lutho; lolo lwazi alusasebenzi kangako, ngemuva komzuzu wokuqala lapho sazi khona ukuthi iqiniso elibonakalayo elikhiqiza lokho kuzwa likhona futhi lisithinta njalo.