Izinzuzo Nezingozi ze-Cannabis Zincike eminyakeni yobudala

Isikhathi siyikho konke. Ukuthi noma yimuphi umuthi ubuthinta kanjani ubuchopho bakho kunqunywa yizici eziningi. Ubudala bakho ngesikhathi sokuvezwa kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye izinto zibandakanya ubuqotho besithiyo segazi nobuchopho nokuvuthwa nokusebenza kahle kwesibindi nezinso; lezi zinto ziyahlukahluka ngokuguga okujwayelekile. Asikho isidakamizwa esizuzisa ngaso sonke isikhathi noma esilimazayo njalo. Insangu yisibonelo esihle kakhulu salesi simiso.

Insangu yinto esetshenziswa kakhulu engekho emthethweni. Kodwa-ke, akuyona into eyingozi kakhulu esetshenziswa ngabantu. Ukulimala kwezinto eziningi kuncike ekutheni zisebenzelana kanjani nobuchopho. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uzibulale ngensangu ngendlela yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ufe ngokuphuza kakhulu utshwala. Isizathu ukusatshalaliswa kwama-receptors ebuchosheni asabela kotshwala noma insangu.

Zishintsha kanjani izingozi nezinzuzo zensangu phakathi nokuguga okujwayelekile?

I-cannabis yangaphambi kokubeletha:

Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu kusabukeka kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ucwaningo olukhulu lwe-longitudinal luzamile ukuhlola imiphumela yokusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis. Ucwaningo lwe-Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) luqashe izingane eziyi-11,875 ezineminyaka engu-9 kuya kwengu-11 zisuka kumasayithi angama-22 kulo lonke elase-US phakathi kukaJuni 1, 2016, no-Okthoba 15, 2018. Bahlole ukubonakaliswa kwensangu ngaphambi kokubeletha ngaphambi nangemva kolwazi lokukhulelwa. Ukuvezwa kwe-cannabis yangaphambi kokubeletha kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwesifo se-psychopathology enzalweni, kufaka phakathi ukushoda kokunaka, ukuphazamiseka kwemicabango, izinkinga zomphakathi, nokuphazamiseka kokulala, kanye nevolumu yento empunga ephansi; lezi zinhlangano kwesinye isikhathi zazihlala ebuntwaneni obumaphakathi. Ukuvezwa ngemuva kokuthi umama enolwazi ngokukhulelwa kuhlotshaniswa nesisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi kanye nokunciphisa kakhulu ivolumu yokungasebenzi kanye nenani lezindaba ezimhlophe. Imiphumela icacile: ubuchopho ngaphambi kokubeletha busengozini enkulu yokuba khona kwensangu.

Insangu ngesikhathi sobusha:

Sekukonke, ubufakazi obutholakalayo bubonisa ukuthi ubuchopho bentsha busesengozini yokuthola ama-cannabinoid angaphandle. Empeleni, i-cannabis iguqula indlela ejwayelekile yokuvuthwa kobuchopho, yize imiphumela ibukeka incane kakhulu kunaleyo yokuvezwa kokubeletha. Ubufakazi obuhlanganisiwe obuvela ezifundweni eziningi zabantu nezilwane buveza ukuthi ukuvezwa kwensangu ngesikhathi sobusha kunamandla okuveza izinguquko ezicashile, kepha ezihlala njalo, ekusebenzeni kobuchopho nokuziphatha. Ubukhulu buyahluka ngokuya ngobude besikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ubudala ekusetshenzisweni kokuqala, kanye nokuba sengozini okuyisisekelo kofuzo okungenzeka ukuthi kuvele ngesikhathi sobusha, njenge-psychopathologies ehlukahlukene.

Insangu maphakathi nokuguga:

Ukusetshenziswa kwensangu sekuyinsakavukela kubantu asebekhulile. Iningi labasebenzisi abakuleli qembu, ikakhulukazi abaneminyaka engama-50 nengama-60 ubudala, babika isizathu sabo esivame kakhulu sokuphendukela kwi-cannabis ukunciphisa izinhlungu ngenxa yokugula noma ukulimala. Iningi leziguli libika ukuthi yize insangu ingasebenzi kahle, inemiphumela engemihle embalwa kunemithi yezinhlungu ezithengiswa ekhawunteni noma kadokotela.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva luhlolisise ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis yezokwelapha isikhathi eside nokusebenza kwengqondo kusampula yeziguli ezineminyaka ephakathi nendawo nezindala ezinezinhlungu ezingapheli. Imiphumela yabo iphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis yezokwelapha ezitshalweni zonke akunawo umthelela omubi ekuqondeni kweziguli ezindala. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lolu cwaningo, kanye nolunye ucwaningo lwezifo, lusebenzise isitshalo sonke kunokusebenzisa izinto ezithile ezikhishiwe. Izinzuzo ezivela ezingxenyeni ezithile zesitshalo kusamele zichazwe ngokugcwele. Ngempela, singathola ukuthi izinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu zingatholakala kuphela ezenzweni ezihlanganisiwe zazo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo.

Kungani imiphumela ye-cannabis incike eminyakeni yobudala?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ihlala ingaziwa, kepha kunendlela eyodwa ethakazelisayo engahle ifake lokho okwenzeka kumaseli ezinhlayiya ebuchosheni bakho.

Amaseli esiqu angena kwi-neurogeneis futhi abeletha ama-neurons amasha nsuku zonke. I-Neurogeneis ngokusobala ibucayi ebuchosheni obukhulayo, kusukela esikhathini sokubeletha kuya ebusheni. I-Neurogeneis iqala ukwehla eminyakeni yobudala obuphakathi futhi cishe ayisekho ngenkathi usukulungele ukuthatha umhlalaphansi. Izifundo eziningi ze-PET imaging zabantu ziphakamisa ukuthi ukwehla kwe-neurogeneis kungenxa yamazinga akhuphukile okuvuvukala kobuchopho okwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokukhula. Ukwehla kwe-neurogeneis kungenzeka kudale ukukhubazeka okuhlobene nobudala ekufundeni nasenkumbulweni kanye nokwanda kokucindezeleka.

Ucwaningo olwenziwa elabhorethri yami lukhombisile ukuthi umthamo ophansi wensangu nsuku zonke ungakunciphisa kakhulu ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. Ucwaningo lwelebhu yami luphinde lwabonisa ukuthi ukukhuthaza ama-cannabis receptors kumaseli we-stem asindile kungabuyisa i-neurogenesis.

Ngokufigqiwe:

Ekuqaleni kwempilo, ubuchopho obukhulayo abukwazi ukubekezelela ukukhohliswa kwama-cannabis receptors kumaseli awo ama-stem. Uma ama-stem cell echayeke nge-cannabis, ukukhula okujwayelekile kobuchopho kukhubazekile futhi imiphumela ingahlala ekubeni mdala. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi empilweni, i-cannabis ingakhuthaza ukusebenza kwe-stem cell futhi ivikele ubuchopho ekuvukeleni. Sicela ugcine engqondweni ukuthi kuthatha insangu encane kakhulu ukukhiqiza izinzuzo ebuchosheni obudala. Ilebhu lami laqamba isiqubulo esithi "ukudonsa kwanele" ngoba kubonakala sengathi kudonsa kanye kuphela usuku ngalunye ukuze kuveze izinzuzo ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, ukulinganiswa kwensangu kuyindlela enhle njengoba ukhula.

© Gary L. Wenk, Ph.D. ukhonza eKomidini Lokweluleka Lensangu Yezokwelapha lika-Ohio Governor.

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Yang KH et al (2020) Insangu: Ukwelashwa Okusaqhamuka Kwezimpawu Ezijwayelekile Kubantu Abadala Abadala. I-JOURNAL YOMPHAKATHI WAMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Ukufinyeleleka Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi: OCT.

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