I-New Ways Millennials isondela emsebenzini nothando

-Delile

• Ubudlelwano Obufundwayo Obubalulekile
• Isixhumanisi Esiphoqayo Phakathi Kothando Nobuhlakani

Phakathi kwezinganekwane eziningi ezimayelana neminyaka eyizinkulungwane, noma isizukulwane esizalwe cishe ngo-2000, ukuthi azikhuthazwa uma kungenjalo zivilapha uma kuziwa emsebenzini. Ukucwaninga kwabantu balesi sizukulwane kuyaqhubeka nokuphonsela inselelo le nsumansumane, kepha njengezinkolelo-ze eziningi ezisuselwa esikhathini sokuzalwa kwabantu, le nkolelo-ze iyaqhubeka.

Ababhali beNew York Times uClaire Cain Miller noSanam Yar baphonsele inselelo le nkolelo yeminyaka eyizinkulungwane yokusebenza kophenyo olwalunesihloko esithi “Intsha Izosisindisa Sonke Ekuphileni Kwehhovisi.” Ababhali be-athikili baphakamisa ukuthi isizukulwane samanje sabantu abasha asizami ukuhamba ngezinsuku zabo ngomzamo omncane ngangokunokwenzeka. Esikhundleni salokho, bazama ukuthola uhlobo lokulinganisela phakathi kwezindima zabo zomuntu siqu nezomsebenzi ezingakhulisa ukugcwaliseka kwempilo yabo.

Ubufakazi obunikezwa nguMiller noYar bususelwa ezingxoxweni nabasebenzi besizukulwane seminyaka eyizinkulungwane, abaphathi bezinkampani kanye nedatha yocwaningo. Ekuvulekeni kwabo ku-athikili, bacaphuna omunye oneminyaka engu-28 ubudala owathengisa umsebenzi wakhe wasendlini wasebhange ngesikhundla ngamahora aguquguqukayo ekuqaleni okwakhuthaza nabasebenzi ukuthi bathathe amaholide. Ngasikhathi sinye, “akanankinga nokuphendula ama-imeyili omsebenzi ngenkathi ehleli emlilweni ohambweni lwakamuva lwamatende; "Yileyondlela abadlala ngayo lo mdlalo weminyaka eyizinkulungwane kanye noGen Z-ers - akukhona okokweqa iziqu, kepha kungena ezindaweni ezingcono zokusebenza," esho. "Banjengabantu abalwa buthule, baphinda babhale inqubomgomo ngaphansi kwamakhala ama-boomers." Esikhundleni sokuboshelwa edeskini, bafuna ukuthatha ideski, basebenze ekhaya ukuze bathole amasheduli abo nawomndeni, kepha futhi nokwenza umsebenzi wenziwe njengoba kufunwa umsebenzi.

Njengoba uMiller no-Yar bephawula, ngeshwa kuliqiniso ukuthi ilungelo lokuthola umsebenzi oguquguqukayo liyisizinda sabantu abaneziqu zasekolishi nemisebenzi emhlophe, kepha njengoba abalobi besho, laba bazoba ngabaphathi bakusasa okufanele bona ngokwabo bakwazi ukwakha kabusha ibhalansi yomsebenzi wasekhaya wabasebenzi babo. Njengoba iphini likamongameli wenkampani yezobuchwepheshe liphawula kulesi sihloko, "Bakhombise imodeli yokuthi awudingi ukuba sehhovisi 9 kuye ku-5 ukuze uphumelele."

Njengoba kuhlaba umxhwele njengoba ukuhlaziywa kunikeza ngombono wokuthola izindaba, yini ukusekelwa okuvela kumbono wocwaningo olunamandla? Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukubuyela emuva ku-athikili eyashicilelwa ngo-2015 ngu-Sean Lyons wase-University of Guelph kanye nozakwabo, abaphenye ukushintsha kwamaphethini omsebenzi ezizukulwaneni ezine ze-pre-baby boomers ("ukuvuthwa"), ama-baby boomers, gen X 'futhi iminyaka eyizinkulungwane. Kwirekhodi, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi lawa malebula wokukhiqiza angadukisa, ngenxa yeqiniso elisobala lokuthi akubona bonke abantu abavela eminyakeni ethile engama-20 abafana ncamashi. Ngempela, njengoba uMiller no Yar uqobo basho, ukubonwa kwabo njengamanje kusebenza kuphela kubantu abavela ezingxenyeni ezinamalungelo ezengeziwe zabasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, uma ucabanga ngomehluko wezizukulwane njengokukhombisa isimo sezulu jikelele lapho abantu bakhula khona, umehluko ungaba wusizo. Uma uzalwe esikhathini sokuchuma okulinganiselwe, njengoba bekuyiqiniso ngabantu besizukulwane se-baby boom, ukukhula kwakho kuzothinteka kulawo mandla abanzi amasiko nezomnotho.

Ukuphendukela manje kuLyons et al. isifundo, isisekelo somsebenzi wabo kwakuwukuthi izizukulwane ezilandelanayo, eziqala ngama-baby boomers, "zivumelane nemakethe yezabasebenzi eguqukayo ngokwamukela amalungiselelo omsebenzi angewona owendabuko" ngenkathi futhi zisebenzisa "izigaxa nezitebhisi" esikhundleni se "ladder career" sebesondele ezimpilweni zabo, futhi manje sebenezindlela “ezinamandla, ezinemikhombandlela eminingi nezingenamkhawulo ezigqugquzelwa ukuphishekela izinhloso nezindinganiso zomuntu ngamunye” kunokuthi "ukwethembeka nokuzinza" (kk. 8-9). Abantu abanomkhawulo womsebenzi ongenamkhawulo bakhomba ubungcweti babo ngaphezu kwenhlangano mhlawumbe njengesivikelo emathubeni akhula njalo okudilizwa njengabalimele ekuncishisweni phansi noma ekwakheni kabusha izinkampani. Ithimba laseCanada liphakamisa ukuthi “Izincwadi zemisebenzi zivame ukwamukela ukuthi ukunyuka kwamakhono aphezulu sekuyinto“ entsha ejwayelekile ”(ikhasi 10).

Ithimba locwaningo lahlukanisa ababambiqhaza abangama-2555 eLyons et al. bafunda ngokwamaqembu abo okuzalana, futhi babehlukaniswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ababambiqhaza banikeze imininingwane ngokuhamba kwemisebenzi yabo kususelwa kunani lemisebenzi abake bayiphatha (kususwa eyodwa ukuzolandisa ngomsebenzi wokuqala), kufaka phakathi leyo enomqashi ofanayo, ehlukaniswe ngenombolo yeminyaka esetshenzisiwe, ukubala ubude obuhlukile bokuqashwa ngezizukulwane ezahlukahlukene. Baphinde babika ngokuhamba kwabo kwenhlangano, ukunyuka kwabo komsebenzi, imisebenzi eyehla, ukunyakaza kwemisebenzi eseceleni, kanye nezinguquko zethrekhi yomsebenzi. ULyons et al. bese kubalwa inkomba yokuhamba ngokuya ngalezi zinyathelo njengenombolo yabaqashi umuntu ayisebenzele ihlukaniswe ngenani lezinguquko zomsebenzi. Inombolo esondele kweyodwa kule nkomba isho ukuthi ukushintshwa komsebenzi komuntu okuningi kuhilela izinguquko zomqashi. Kodwa-ke, ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi akuzona zonke izinguquko zomsebenzi ezamukelekile, ababhali baphinde bafaka inkomba yezinyathelo ezingazibandakanyi.

Ngenkathi ufunda ngalezi zinyathelo, ngabe wama futhi wacabanga ngokuhamba kwakho emsebenzini (noma uma ungakaze usebenze ngaphandle kwekhaya) kothile osondelene naye? Yini edale lezo zinguquko zomsebenzi? Zamukelekile noma zazicindezela kangakanani lezo zinguquko? Uma ubheka iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezungeze wena, kungaba semsebenzini noma emndenini wakho, ucabanga ukuthi izindlela zazo ziyini impilo yomsebenzi owanelisayo? Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi bazophuma emsebenzini uma bezwa ukuthi kuvimbela amandla abo okuzizwa ukuthi bafeza izinhloso zabo nezobuchwepheshe? Okungaphezulu kwalokho kuze kube seqophelweni le-athikili yokuqala kaKayini neYar, ubona ukuthi imigomo ishintsha ngokuya ngalokho abantu abakufunayo ukufika ngokulingana okungcono phakathi kwempilo yabo kanye nemisebenzi yabo?

Ngokuhambisana nokubikezela kwabalobi bezocwaningo, okutholakele ngokuqhathanisa ababambiqhaza ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kukhombisile ukuthi bekukhona, njengoba bekulindelekile, ukuhamba okuphezulu kulezi ezimbili ezincane, uma kuqhathaniswa nezizukulwane ezimbili ezindala. Ama-Millennials athola ku-1.28 kwinani labo lokushintsha kwemisebenzi ngonyaka ngokuqhathaniswa ne-.28 ne-39 yezizukulwane ezindala, kanye no-.71 weGen X'ers. Kodwa-ke, lezi zizukulwane ezimbili ezisencane zazinamazinga aphezulu okuhamba ngokungazibandakanyi kunezizukulwane ezimbili ezindala, ezisekela lokho okubonakala kuyindlela ekhulayo yomphakathi yokuphepha kwemisebenzi kubantu abadala abasebasha uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo abadala. Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi kungahle kube nezinga eliphakeme lokushintshwa kwemisebenzi ngaphambi kokuba umuntu asebekhulile ngokujwayelekile, ukuze ucwaningo olufanayo olwenziwa eminyakeni engama-50 eyedlule kungenzeka ukuthi lwakhiqiza izinhlobo ezifanayo zezindlela zokwenza, kepha hhayi ezihlobene nobudala.

Ubudlelwano Obufundwayo Obubalulekile

Isixhumanisi Esiphoqayo Phakathi Kothando Nobuhlakani