Zama Ukwenza Umuzwa Wokunempilo, Izinketho Zokudla Okuhle

Njengesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo sezempilo, ngilwela ukufunda konke engikwaziyo mayelana nendlela yokuphila ekhuthaza ukuba nenhlalakahle, kubandakanya ukudla okunempilo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sengibe nentshisekelo eyengeziwe ezindabeni zokuziphatha nezemvelo zokukhetha ukudla. Izincwadi ezinjenge-The Omnivore's Dilemma futhi Kuphekiwe , nguMichael Pollan, no Ukudla Izilwane nguJonathan Safran Foer banikela ngokudla okuningi kokucabanga ngale migqa.

Muva nje, ngibuke ifilimu, Yini Ezempilo , idokhumentari ephenyayo elandela u-Kip Anderson emzameni wokuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kwebhizinisi lezolimo nohulumeni nokuthi lokhu kuyithinta kanjani impilo yabantu baseMelika. Ngokwesitayela sikaMichael Moore, u-Anderson ubhekana nezikhulu ezivela ezinhlanganweni zezempilo zikazwelonke, lapho zizomnika khona ingxoxo, ngemibuzo ekhonjiwe, kodwa ebhalwe ngobuqotho. Esinye asibhekise kuSusan G. Komen Foundation sithi “siyazibuza ukuthi kungani ungenaso isixwayiso esikhulu ngobungozi bokudla ubisi kuwebhusayithi uma kukhona ukuxhumana ngqo nomdlavuza webele.” Umfutho walo mbuzo kwakuwucwaningo, ngokusho kwale filimu, olukhombisile “kwabesifazane abake baba nomdlavuza webele, ukuhanjiswa okukodwa nje kosuku lonke kukhulisa amathuba okubulawa yilesi sifo ngamaphesenti angama-49 nokufa kunoma yini engamaphesenti angama-64. ” Ukube lokhu bekuyiqiniso, njengo-Anderson, ngazibuza “Kungani izindawo zomdlavuza webele zazingafani noSusan G. Komen bexwayisa wonke umuntu ngalokhu?”

Lokhu kungithumele ukuthi ngenze uphenyo oluthile ezincwadini zesayensi. Ngikwazile ukuthola isifundo esenziwe ngu-Anderson ¹ futhi wathola ukuthi imininingwane ayethule yayinembile: esampulini yabesifazane abangu-1,893 abatholakale benomdlavuza webele wesifo sokuqala owalandelwa iminyaka eyi-11.8, uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abadle isikhathi esingaphansi kwesigamu sosuku ngemikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amaningi, njenge ubisi, ushizi, uphudingi wobisi, neyogathi, labo abadle amanani aphezulu babenezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokufa komdlavuza webele, konke-okubangela ukufa, kanye nokufa komdlavuza ongelona ibele. Kodwa-ke, okunye okutholakele ocwaningweni kukhombisile ukuthi ukudla ubisi olunamafutha amancane bekungu ngokungafani okuhlobene nale miphumela yokufa ezihlaziyweni ezilungiswe kancane (lapho ubudala nesikhathi phakathi kokuxilongwa komdlavuza webele nokuhlolwa kokudla okwehliswayo kwakulawulwa) futhi kungahlobene nale miphumela ekuhlaziyweni okulungiselelwe ezinye izici ezibalulekile (ezinjengobunzima besifo; uhlobo yokwelashwa komdlavuza; izinga lemfundo; ubuhlanga; ukudla amakhalori, inyama ebomvu, utshwala, i-fiber, nezithelo; inkomba yomzimba womzimba; amazinga womsebenzi womzimba; kanye nesimo sokubhema). Ngokufanayo, ukusetshenziswa kobisi okuphelele kwakuhlobene kuphela nokufa okuphelele kuphela ekuhlaziyweni okulungisiwe. Ukuphindeka komdlavuza webele kwakungahlobene nokudla ubisi (okunamafutha aphansi, okunamafutha amaningi, noma okuphelele) ekuhlaziyweni okulungisiwe noma okungalungisiwe. Ngakho-ke, isithombe sami saba mnyama kakhulu.

Ababhali banikeze isizathu esiphoqayo sokuxhumana phakathi kokudla amafutha obisi, amazinga e-estrogen, kanye nesigameko kanye nokuqhubekela phambili komdlavuza ohlobene ne-hormone njengesifuba, i-ovarian, i-postmenopausal endometrial, ne-prostate, kodwa futhi kwaphawula ukuthi olunye ucwaningo luthole ukuthi low- Ukudla ubisi olunamafutha kwakuhlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wendlala yesinye. Abanye abacwaningi bathi ama-hormone abesifazane ocansi angaba ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobisi nomdlavuza ohlobene namahomoni ikakhulukazi ngoba ubisi esiludlayo namuhla, oluhlukile kunonyaka we-100 owedlule, luvela ezinkomeni ezikhulelweyo ezikhuphule amazinga ama-hormone. ²

Ukuthola ukucacelwa okuthile, kunokuba ngigxile ezifundweni ezilodwa maqondana nokuhlobana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yobisi kanye nomdlavuza webele, ngithinte ukubukwa okuningana kwemibhalo yocwaningo, ikakhulukazi ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile nokuhlaziywa kwe-meta. Eyodwa, echazwe njengokuhlolwa kobufakazi obuphelele besayensi, ibike ukuthi ukuxhumana okuvela ekusetshenzisweni kwemikhiqizo yobisi kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele bekungaqondakali noma kuguqukile, mhlawumbe ngenxa yemiphumela yokuvikela i-calcium nevithamini D. ³ Ababhali baphethe ngokuthi “ukudla ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi kunomthelela ekuhlangabezaneni nezincomo zomsoco futhi kungavikela ezifweni ezivame kakhulu, ezingalapheki, kanti imbalwa imiphumela emibi ebikiwe.” Ukudalulwa kwababhali, noma kunjalo, kubalwe ukwesekwa okuvela ezinhlanganweni eziningi zedayari, njengeDairy Research Institute, iDanish Dairy Research Foundation, neGlobal Dairy Platform, phakathi kwabanye. Lokhu kulandelwe nesitatimende, kubabhali ababili kuphela kwabahlanu abathole lokhu kusekelwa, ukuthi abaxhasi babengenayo indima ekwakhiweni nasekuqhubeni umsebenzi wabo wangaphambili. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta kokucwaninga okuzayo nakho akutholanga ukuhlangana okuqondile phakathi kobisi oluphelele, ubisi lonke, nokusetshenziswa kwe-yogurt kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele futhi kwathola ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kobisi olunciphile kanye nokwehla kwengozi yomdlavuza webele. Ababhali balokhu kubuyekeza, noma kunjalo, ababikanga noma yiluphi uxhaso lwemboni yobisi. ⁴

Ukuthola okuxubile nokubandakanyeka kwemboni kukhombisa ubunzima bokukhipha iziphetho eziqinile ngokudla okunempilo, noma kusuka emithonjeni yesayensi enegunya. Ngenkathi ngiqhubeka nokuzama ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwami ​​kwemikhiqizo yezilwane ngezizathu zokuziphatha, ukubuyekeza kwami ​​imibhalo yesayensi kulolu daba kulethe imibuzo eminingi kunezimpendulo.

2 UGanmaa, D., noSato A. (2005). Iqhaza elingaba khona lamahomoni ocansi lowesifazane obisini oluvela ezinkomeni ezikhulelwe ekukhuleni komdlavuza webele, ovarian kanye ne-corpus uteri. Ama-Hypotheses Wezokwelapha, 65, 1028-1037.

I-3 Thorning, T. K., Raben, A., Tholstrup, T., Soedamah-Muthu, S. S., Givens, I., & Astrup, A. (2016). Ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi: kuhle noma kubi empilweni yomuntu? Ukuhlolwa kokuphelele kobufakazi besayensi. Ucwaningo Lokudla Nokudla, 60, 32527. doi: 10.3402 / fnr.v60.32527.

4 Wu, J., Zeng, R., Huang, J., Li, X., Zhang, J., Ho, J. C.-M., noZheng, Y. (2016). Imithombo yamaprotheni okudla kanye nesigameko somdlavuza webele: Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta-response meta-analysis yezifundo ezizayo. Izakhamzimba, 8, 730. doi: 10.3390 / nu8110730