Izinhlobo Zokucindezeleka: Izimpawu Zabo, Izimbangela Nezimpawu Zabo

-Delile

• I-psychology ihlukanisa kanjani izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokucindezeleka? Sithole.
• Ukudangala, ukuphazamiseka okwenziwa izinto eziningi
• Izinhlobo zokudangala kanye nezici zazo
• 1. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu
• Izimpawu Zokucindezeleka Okukhulu
• Izinhlobo zokudangala okukhulu
• 2. IDysthymia
• Izimpawu ze-dysthymia
• 3. Ukucindezeleka komuntu
• Izimpawu zokucindezeleka komuntu
• Isifo sokucindezeleka sonyaka (SAD)
• 5. Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo
• 6. Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha
• Izimbangela zokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha

I-psychology ihlukanisa kanjani izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokucindezeleka? Sithole.

Kuvamile ukuthi uzizwe ukonakala ngezikhathi ezithile noma uzizwe udabukile ngomcimbi okungenzeka ukuthi wenzekile empilweni yakho. Ukudabuka kuyingxenye yokuphila, imizwa engeyona eyokukhubazeka ngokwayo, yize sikuhlobanisa nokungathandeki futhi sizama ukukugwema.

Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi azizona zonke izindlela lapho ukungaphatheki kahle kufana khona, futhi kwesinye isikhathi esikucabangayo ukuthi ukudabuka kuyindlela yokuphila "ejwayelekile" kungaba olunye lwezinhlobo zokucindezeleka ezikhona .

Kulesi sihloko sizogxila ngqo kuleso sihloko: izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokucindezeleka ukuthi ucwaningo lwesayensi kwezempilo yengqondo belulolonga.

Ukudangala, ukuphazamiseka okwenziwa izinto eziningi

Uma ukuhlupheka kuqhubeka, udabukile isikhathi esiningi futhi kuthinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke, wena angabhekana nokudangala, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo okungathinta izimpilo zethu ngokungathi sína futhi okuhambisana nengozi yokuzama ukuzibulala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezeleka kuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba akwaziwa kahle ukuthi kubangelwa yini; i-hypothesis eyamukelwa kakhulu kunazo zonke ukuthi inomsuka wemisebenzi eminingi, ngakho-ke inezinto zombili zokuziphatha (okusho ukuthi, ivela endleleni esihlangana ngayo nemvelo futhi sibona ukuthi kwenzekani kithina) nengxenye yebhayoloji (ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokususelwa kwizakhi zofuzo).

Akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwazi ukuthi uma lesi simo sesiphathe kabi, ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningana zokudangala futhi ngenxa yalokho izindlela lapho ubukhona balo bungabonakala khona ziyahlukahluka. Ake sibone-ke ukuthi yiziphi izici zalezi zinhlobo zokucindezeleka ukwazi, esimweni ngasinye, ukuthi yini esibhekene nayo.

Izinhlobo zokudangala kanye nezici zazo

Ukudana kwemvelo kujwayelekile kulezi zikhathi, futhi kujwayelekile ukuthi abantu baphendukele ezidakamizweni ukuqeda ubuhlungu obuzwakala ngalesi sifo. I- prozac (i-fluoxetine), ebizwa nangokuthi umuthi wenjabulo , idliwa njalo emiphakathini ethuthukile.

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kunconywa kuphela ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuphendukela ekwelashweni kwengqondo ukuthola ukwelashwa okulungile, ngoba ubungozi bemiphumela emibi buphansi kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zingakusiza nokuthi unqobe ukucindezeleka usebenzisa amasu nezindlela zabo ukuze ukwazi ukwamukela imikhuba emisha eyehlisa amandla ezimpawu zalesi sifo futhi ikhuthaze ukunyamalala kwazo, futhi konke lokhu ngaphandle kwesidingo sokudla noma imiphi imishanguzo ye-psychotropic.

Ukudangala kuyingxenye yokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo futhi kuthinta inhlalakahle yethu, ukuxhumana kwethu nomphakathi, isifiso sethu sokudla kanye nesifiso sobulili. Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zokudangala futhi ngayinye inezici zayo, ngezansi uzobona incazelo emfushane ngalezi zinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile.

1. Ukucindezeleka okukhulu

Ukucindezeleka okukhulu uhlobo olubi kakhulu lokucindezeleka.

Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwesiqephu esisodwa noma eziningi ezicindezelayo ezihlala okungenani amasonto ama-2. Imvamisa iqala ngesikhathi sobusha noma ebudaleni. Umuntu ophethwe yilolu hlobo lokudangala angahle abhekane nezigaba zemizwa ejwayelekile phakathi kwezigaba zokudangala ezingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Ihlukaniswe phakathi kweziqephu ze-unipolar ngoba azikho izigaba ze-mania, futhi kungadala izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu esigulini uma singelashwa kahle. Eqinisweni, umbono wokuzibulala ungaholela ekufeni uma uhumusha ube yizenzo ezisebenzayo zokuqeda impilo yomuntu.

Izimpawu Zokucindezeleka Okukhulu

Lezi ngezinye zezimpawu zokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokusho kwe- I-DSM-IV-TR ibhukwana:

Ngokuya nge-DSM-IV, kufanele kube khona ezinhlanu (noma ngaphezulu) zezimpawu ezingenhla ngesikhathi samaviki ama-2, emele ushintsho kusuka kumsebenzi wangaphambilini; esinye sezimpawu kufanele kube (1) isimo sokudangala noma (2) ukuphelelwa yintshisekelo noma ikhono lokuzwa ubumnandi.

Izinhlobo zokudangala okukhulu

Ekucindezelekeni okukhulu, kunokwehluka izinhlobo zokudangala okukhulu :

1. Ukucindezeleka kwesiqephu esisodwa - Kubangelwa umcimbi owodwa wokuphila kanye nokudangala kuphela okuqala lapho.
2. Ukucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe : Ukubukeka kwezimpawu zokucindezeleka eziwombeni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu empilweni yesiguli. Ukwehlukaniswa phakathi kwesiqephu kufanele okungenani kube yizinyanga ezi-2 ngaphandle kokuveza izimpawu.

2. IDysthymia

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zokucindezeleka, i umabhebhana kuncane kakhulu kunokucindezeleka okukhulu. Luhlobo lwe ukucindezeleka unipolar (akubandakanyi izimpawu zomuntu) futhi kuphazamisa ukusebenza nokuphila kahle komuntu ophethwe yikho.

Isici esibalulekile salesi sifo ukuthi isiguli sizizwa sicindezelekile usuku lonke, izinsuku eziningi okungenani iminyaka emibili. Akudingeki ukuthi ubhekane nokudabuka okuqinile, kepha imvamisa okuvame kakhulu ukuthi kukhona umuzwa wokuntuleka kwenhloso nogqozi, sengathi akukho okubalulekile.

Abantu abaningi abane-dysthymia nabo bangaba neziqephu zokucindezeleka ezinzima ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo.

Izimpawu ze-dysthymia

Izimpawu ze-dysthymia yilezi:

3. Ukucindezeleka komuntu

Lolu hlobo lwesifo, olubizwa nangokuthi i-bipolar disorder, lubhekwa njengohlobo lwe ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo. Yize singakufaka phakathi kwezinhlobo zokucindezeleka, kuhlanganisa amazwe acindezelayo namazwe we-mania, okungukuthi, kukhona ukwehla nokwenyuka okwedlulele. Isifo se-bipolar yisimo esibi, futhi akufanele sididaniswe nesimo sokungazinzi ngokomzwelo.

Ukwelashwa kuhlukile kunalokho kokucindezeleka okukhulu, futhi kudinga izinto zokuzinzisa imizwa (njenge-lithium), kanye nokusekelwa kochwepheshe ngokwelashwa kwengqondo nokunakekelwa kwemvelo yomndeni weziguli.

Izimpawu zokucindezeleka komuntu

I- izimpawu zokucindezeleka kungafaka:

I- izimpawu zomuntu kungafaka:

Isifo sokucindezeleka sonyaka (SAD)

Lesi simo sokucindezeleka sibizwa ngokuthi yi-Seasonal Depression Disorder (SAD) futhi sibonakala ngokuvela ngesikhathi esithile sonyaka, imvamisa ebusika.

Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziyaqina kancane ezinyangeni zekwindla nasebusika. Lezi zimpawu zifana kakhulu nalezo ezibonakala kwezinye izinhlobo zokucindezeleka:

Kukhona nokunye okuhlukile kwe-SAD abanye abantu abahlupheka ngakho ehlobo:

5. Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo

Ukucindezeleka kwengqondo uhlobo oluthile lokucindezeleka okukhulu olwenzeka lapho ukugula okunzima kakhulu kufaka phakathi uhlobo oluthile lwe-psychosis. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokudangala, kubonakala ngesazela sezimpawu zengqondo: ukubona izinto ezingekho kanye / noma ukukhohlisa okuguqula ngokufanele indlela iqiniso elibonwa ngayo.

6. Ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha

Phakathi kwezinhlobo zokudangala, singafaka ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha. Kubonakala ngoba kungenzeka ngemuva nje kokubeletha.

Lolu hlobo lokudangala lungavela kuze kube unyaka ngemuva kokuba owesifazane enikeze, yize kujwayelekile ukuthi kwenzeke ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuqala ngemuva kokubeletha.

Izimbangela zokudangala kwangemva kokubeletha

Ezinye zezimbangela zokucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha yilezi ezilandelayo: