Ukuthi I-ADHD Yabantu Abadala Ibukeka Kanjani

-Delile

• Ukufundwa Okubalulekile Kwe-ADHD
• Ukungakhuli Manje Kuyisifo Esisemthethweni

Ukushoda kokunakwa / ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba yisifo esaziwa kakhulu esibonakala ngobunzima ekulawuleni umfutho, ukungasebenzi kahle, kanye namandla anciphile okugxila isikhathi eside. Yize ngokuvamile kubhekwa njengenkinga ehlupha izingane nentsha esikhulile, ucwaningo olukhulayo luye lwembula ukuthi i-ADHD ayinyamalali lapho umuntu esekhulile. Manje kulinganiselwa ukuthi izimpawu ziyaqhubeka zibe abantu abadala ngamaphesenti angama-60 alabo abatholakala benalesi sifo ebuntwaneni.

Ngeshwa, ngoba kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi i-ADHD yinto umuntu akhula nje kuyo, abantu abadala abaningi abafuni ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo.

Izimbangela ze-ADHD

Izici zofuzo zidlala indima enkulu ku-ADHD. Ukubhala ku Izifo Nezokwelapha ze-Neuropsychiatric , iqembu labaphenyi lithole ukuthi, “Uma umuntu oyedwa emndenini etholakala ene-ADHD kunamathuba angamaphesenti angama-25-35 okuthi elinye ilungu lomndeni nalo line-ADHD, uma kuqhathaniswa namathuba angamaphesenti angama-4-6 kumuntu othile. ” Baphinde bathi cishe isigamu sabazali abanesifo banengane ene-ADHD.

Ngaphandle kwezakhi zofuzo, ezinye izinto iqembu elizikhombile zifaka ukuvezwa kwengane emazingeni aphezulu okuhola, i-infant hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (lapho izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingayitholi i-oxygen eyanele ebuchosheni bazo), kanye nokuvezwa kwe-nicotine ngaphambi kokubeletha. Izingane ezihlushwa ukulimala ebuchosheni ezihlukumezekile nazo zikhonjisiwe ukuthi zikhombisa izimpawu ezihambisana ne-ADHD, noma ngabe iNational Institute of Health ithi lokhu akuyona imbangela ejwayelekile ye-ADHD.

Okokugcina, futhi mhlawumbe kunempikiswano enkulu, abanye baphakamise ukuthi imvamisa eyandayo yokuxilongwa kwe-ADHD emazweni athuthukile kakhulu ingaxhunyaniswa nezinguquko ekudleni, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokwanda kokusetshenziswa koshukela ocwengekile. Ngenkathi kwelulekwa ukuthi izingane nabantu abadala bagweme ukudla okucutshunguliwe kanye noshukela ocwengekile ukuze babe nempilo enhle, kusheshe kakhulu ukusho ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okucacile okuyimbangela phakathi kokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-sucrose ne-ADHD. Kudingeka izifundo eziningi.

I-ADHD neBrain Chemistry

Cabanga uzama ukufunda udaba lwezindaba ezijulile ngenkathi usesitimeleni esiminyene esitimeleni esigcwele ingxoxo, umculo, isibambi sepani ngezikhathi ezithile, nezimemezelo ezivamile zezitobhi ezizayo nezinye izindaba ezibhekwa njengezibalulekile ngumqhubi wesitimela. Manje cabanga uzama ukufunda i-athikili efanayo esifundweni esinokuthula ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi i-din etholakala esitimeleni. Ngokusobala, kunzima kakhulu ukugxila esimweni esedlule kunasesikhathini sakamuva.

Ngeshwa kulabo abane-ADHD, noma izilungiselelo ezinokuthula kungaqeda ukuzizwa njengaleso sitimela esiminyene. Bazizwa bethonywe yizinto zangaphandle, ngaleyo ndlela kube nzima ukuhlunga umsindo wangemuva nokugxila emisebenzini yobunye.

Ngenkathi izimbangela ze-neurophysiological ze-ADHD zingaqondakali ngokuphelele, abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kunokwehluka okubalulekile kumakhemikhali obuchopho babantu abane-ADHD nobuchopho babantu abangenayo. Laba bacwaningi bathi abantu abane-ADHD banokungalingani emazingeni e-neurotransmitters dopamine ne-norepinephrine. Lawa ma-neurotransmitters ahlangana ukulawula ukunakwa.

UDopamine

I-Dopamine ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nobumnandi nomvuzo, njengoba isebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi umvuzo yomqondo. Abantu abane-ADHD abayicubunguli kahle i-dopamine, okusho ukuthi kumele bafune imisebenzi eminingi evuselela indlela yomvuzo. Ngokusho kwephepha lika-2008 elishicilelwe ku- Izifo Nezokwelapha ze-Neuropsychiatric , "Abantu abane-ADHD okungenani banezakhi zofuzo ezineziphene, isakhi sofuzo i-DRD2 esenza kube nzima ngama-neurons ukuphendula ku-dopamine, i-neurotransmitter ehilelekile emizweni yenjabulo nasekulawuleni ukunakwa."

I-Norepinephrine

Iziguli ezine-ADHD azisebenzisi kahle i-neurotransmitter ne-stress norepinephrine. Lapho umuntu ezizwa esengozini, kukhululwa isikhukhula se-norepinephrine ukukhulisa ukuqapha nokwenza ngcono umqondo wethu wokulwa noma wokubaleka. Emazingeni ajwayelekile ajwayelekile axhumene nenkumbulo futhi asivumela ukuthi sigcine intshisekelo emsebenzini othile.

I-Dopamine ne-norepinephrine kuthinta izingxenye ezine ezihlukene zobuchopho:

• I-cortex engaphambili, esinika ikhono lokuhlela nokuhlela ngenkathi sigxile ekukhombiseni izinto ezenzeka ngaphakathi nangaphandle;
• Uhlelo lwe-limbic, olulawula imizwa yethu;
• I-basal ganglia, elawula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zobuchopho;
• Uhlelo olusebenzayo olwenziwa kabusha, olungabonakala njengesango lokuqonda kwethu. Kuyingxenye yobuchopho esivumela ukuthi sinqume ukuthi yini okufanele sigxile kuyo nokuthi yini okufanele siyenze njengomsindo omhlophe.

Ukufundwa Okubalulekile Kwe-ADHD

Ukungakhuli Manje Kuyisifo Esisemthethweni