Yini Ebeka Abantu Engcupheni Ephezulu Yesizungu

Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo eziningi zomphakathi wethu wanamuhla weminyaka yolwazi, kungenzeka ukuthi uzwile ukuthi sibhekene nomqedazwe wesizungu. Njengoba ukuhlukaniswa nokuhlukaniswa kwezenhlalo kushintsha kakhulu izimpilo zethu, ubhadane lwe-COVID-19 lusongela kuphela ukwenza lolu bhubhane lwesizungu lube lubi kakhulu. Isizungu sithathwa njengendaba ethile kubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke bona laba bantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu evela ku-COVID-19 futhi njengamanje bayelulekwa ukuthi bazihlukanise. Ngakho-ke, sibhekene nenselelo ehlanganisiwe: indlela yokubheka abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nesizungu kanye ne-COVID-19.

Yize kungenzeka ukuthi uzizwe uhlukanisiwe noma unqanyuliwe yize uzungezwe ubuso obunobungane, isizungu sivela ikakhulu ekubeni wedwa. Ngokuzihlukanisa nabanye, sibeka engcupheni enkulu yokuba nesizungu. Ngaphandle kokuthi akulula kangako. Ukuzihlukanisa yisimo, kepha isizungu siwumbono. Ukuzizwa sinesizungu kuncike engxenyeni yobuntu bethu — ukuthi singenwe kanjani noma singaxhakazeli kangakanani nokuthi sidinga ukuxhumana okungakanani emphakathini ukuze sizizwe silinganisekile ngokomzwelo. Lokho kusho ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abazobona ukuhlukaniswa njengesizungu ngezinga elifanayo. Abanye abantu ngeke bakukhathalele ukunqunywa, kanti abanye bazokuthola kukhulisa isizungu sabo. Ngakho-ke sazi kanjani ukuthi ngubani okufanele sikhathazeke ngaye?

Ukuqala ukuphendula lo mbuzo, mina nozakwethu ngaphakathi kwe-Mental Health Data Science Scotland siphenye isizungu emaqenjini amane abantu abadala. Amabili ala maqembu ayenabantu abaneminyaka yobudala engama-45 kuya kwengama-69, kanti amanye amaqembu amabili ayengaphezu kweminyaka engama-70.

Ngenhlanhla, ucwaningo lwethu lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abaningi abazizwa benesizungu. Bangu-4 kuya ku-6% kuphela abantu abangaphezu kwama-70 ababike ukuthi bazizwa benesizungu “kaningi” noma “isikhathi esiningi” (51-54% babike ukuthi abazizwa benesizungu), futhi iphethini efanayo yabonwa kulabo abaneminyaka engama-45 kuya kwengama-69. ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi kumaphesenti amancane abantu abazizwa benesizungu, kungenzeka kubangele impilo ebuthaka, ukwehla kwengqondo, kanye nokuwohloka komqondo. Ngakho-ke, singababona kanjani labo abasengozini enkulu?

Isici esiyinhloko esiphathelene nesizungu (esasivamile kuwo wonke amaqembu eminyaka) kwakuyisici sobuntu esibizwa ngokuthi ukuzinza ngokomzwelo, isici esaziwa nangokuthi yi-neuroticism. Abantu abagcina ukuzinza okungokomzwelo (okuphezulu kwe-neuroticism) yilabo abavame ukuba nethemba elingaphezulu, "ingilazi engenalutho". Abantu abanokuzinza okuphezulu kwemizwelo bavame ukungakhathazeki kakhulu, babe nobutha, bazinyezele, futhi bangaxhamazeli, futhi babe nesizungu esincane.

Kodwa-ke, bekukhona umehluko phakathi kwamaqembu. Uma ubheka kuqala kulabo abaneminyaka engama-70 +, abantu ababehlala bodwa babesengozini enkulu yokuba nesizungu. Le ngozi yandiswa kakhulu uma benokuzinza okuphansi ngokomzwelo noma bengabesilisa — abesilisa abahlala bodwa babenesizungu kunabesifazane abahlala bodwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, eqenjini elincane (elineminyaka engama-45 kuya kwengama-69), ukuhlala wedwa kwakungeyona into echazayo. Ingozi yabo yokuba nesizungu ibonakale incike kakhulu ebuntwini babo, ama-extroverts abhekana nesizungu esincane, nabantu abanokuzinza okuphansi ngokomzwelo bezwa okuningi.

Ngakho-ke njengoba iningi labantu seliphoqelelwe ukuhlala lodwa ngenxa yobhadane lwe-COVID-19, yini esingayenza ukugwema ukuqhuma okubonakala kungenakugwemeka kwesizungu? Ngokujabulisayo, ukungenelela okusebenzayo kukhona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ingadi (ukulima izilimo), ukuhleka, kanye nokwelashwa kokuzikhumbuza; konke kuhlotshaniswa nokwehliswa kwesizungu. Eminingi yale misebenzi ayidingi ukuxhumana ubuso nobuso, futhi ingashintshelwa umhlaba ohlukanisiwe nomphakathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kukhombe lokhu kungenelela kulabo ababedinga kakhulu. Ubuntu buhlala buzinzile kukho konke ukuphila komuntu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu oke wakhombisa ukuzinza okuphansi ngokomzwelo (i-neuroticism ephezulu) kungabikezelwa ukuthi abe sengozini ephakeme yokuba nesizungu (uma kuqhathaniswa nabantu abaningi) uma bezobhekana nomcimbi wokuphila onengcindezi, njengokulahlekelwa okunye kwabo okubalulekile. Ngokukhomba ukungenelela kulabo abasengozini enkulu, singakwazi ukuqala ukulwa nalolu bhubhane lwesizungu.

Noma kunjalo, siyakubona ukulinganiselwa ocwaningweni lwethu-hhayi okungenani ukuthi imiphumela yethu ihambisana kuphela nokuthi akukho sifundo sesikhathi eside esenziwe. Yize kunjalo, siyethemba ukuthi ukuqonda kwethu kuzoba wusizo kubenzi bezinqubomgomo nasezinhlanganweni zomphakathi ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo kulabo abasengozini enkulu, futhi kuzosiza ukwazisa umphakathi obanzi ngalezi zikhathi ezinzima.

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