Kungani Umculo Ujabulisa Kangaka?

-Delile

• Amaphuzu abalulekile
• Ubumnandi bomculo
• Ukumangala komculo
• Inoveli vs. ukujwayela

Amaphuzu abalulekile

• Ukulalela umculo kuvame ukuveza imizwa ejulile.
• Ubumnandi obuningi bomculo buvela emaphethini womculo, isigqi, nezinguquko ezingazelelwe.
• Ubumnandi bomculo, njengokudla nocansi, kusishukumisela ukuthi sihlanganyele nomculo.

Ukulalela umculo kungaba yinto ejabulisa kakhulu. Umculo udlulisa imizwa, imizwa, noma isimo sengqondo esibonakala silusizo ezingeni lempilo yethu. Umculo uvusa kanjani imizwa nobumnandi kubalaleli?

Ubumnandi bomculo

Ukulalela umculo kufaka uhlelo lokuvuza. Isipiliyoni somculo omnandi kakhulu singadala ukukhishwa kwe-dopamine ohlelweni lomvuzo we-mesolimbic (USalimpoor et al, 2015). Ukuzibandakanya nomculo kungadala izimpendulo ezifanayo zebhayoloji nezengqondo ezihambisana neminye imivuzo ebaluleke kakhulu, njengokudla, ubulili, noma imivuzo efana nemali.

Ubumnandi bomculo buvame ukubizwa ngokuthi “amakhaza” noma “amafrisson.” Ukuphendula komzimba okujabulisayo njengamaqhubu abantu abahlangabezana nawo ngenkathi belalele izindima ezithile zomculo. Ubumnandi buyinto esemqoka yokuthi uzimisele ukukhokhela malini ucezu lomculo olunikeziwe.

Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ohlangabezana nokubandayo ekuphenduleni umculo. Ingxenye encane yabantu (cishe amaphesenti ama-3 kuye kwayi-4) ihlushwa yi-anhedonia yomculo. Laba bantu abawujabuleli noma abawuthandi umculo, kepha basathola injabulo kwezinye izinto ezisebenzisa amasistimu wemiklomelo. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-anhedonia yomculo yenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho kokuxhumana phakathi kwamanethiwekhi wokuzwa nohlelo lokuvuza (iBelfi neLoui, 2020).

Ukumangala komculo

Ubumnandi bomculo budalwa ukulindela nezimanga. Ubumnandi obuningi bomculo buvela emaphethini womculo, isigqi, nezinguquko ezingazelelwe. Ushintsho olungalindelekile emandleni nasethempelini kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko lapho umculo uvusa ukusabela okuqinile kwemizwa kubalaleli (Huron, 2006). Abaqambi bangadlala nalokhu okulindelwe: bahlangabezane nokulindelwe, bakwephule, noma bakubeke eceleni.

Ngokuvezwa okwanele, umehluko phakathi kwemicimbi elindelwe kanye nangempela uyehla ukuze abalaleli baqale ukulindela le micimbi. Futhi umculo awuthokozi kangako. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani ukuthanda kwethu kuguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Akukho lutho oluhle njengaleso sikhathi sokuqala. Njengabantu, sizijwayeza izinto.

Inoveli vs. ukujwayela

Izintandokazi zethu zakhiwe ngezinto ezimbili eziphikisanayo: ukujwayela nobusha. Okuncamelayo kwethu kwesinye isikhathi kuncike ezintweni ezintsha (umculo omusha, imikhiqizo, noma izitolo). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwesinye isikhathi sikhetha izinto ezijwayelekile ezivusa isifiso. Isibonelo, iculo lingavusa inkumbulo yosuku umlaleli enza ngalo umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala. Le nkumbulo, nayo, ingavusa imizwa eqinile yenjabulo kanye nethemba umlaleli azizwa ngalo ngalolo suku.

Isimo esidumile se-Wundt esiguquliwe-U sichaza ukwazisa kwethu ngomculo maqondana nokujwayela nobusha. Singahle sithande okuncane ekuzweni kokuqala, sikhule sikuthande kakhulu ngokuyeka kabusha, bese ekugcineni sikukhathaze. Umculo omnandi ushaya ibhalansi phakathi kwemicimbi engaqagelwa kanye nemicimbi engalindelekile ngokulinganisela edala isimanga. Isibonelo, iGold et al. (2019) bakhombisile ukuthi abalaleli bakhetha izingoma zobunzima obuphakathi, okubandakanya izici ezinjengokubikezela nokujwayela.

Ngamafuphi, ukumangala komculo kuchaza ukuthi kungani sithanda umculo kangaka. Ukungezwani okuvuselelwa ukulindela, futhi ukwenqaba noma ukugcwaliseka kwakho ngokuyinhloko kubhekele ukuvusa imizwa nobumnandi bomculo. Umculo oqale ujabulise, ngokuvezwa okuphindaphindwayo, uqala ukuzwakala ungaqagelwa, ngakho-ke, awuthokozi kangako. Ngakho-ke, ukufunda ngesakhiwo somculo nokusebenza kungazuzisa ngokwemvelo.