Ingabe Ukwelashwa Kungalapheka?

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo sekuqalile ukuphuma emathunzini eminyakeni yamuva. Akusekho okungacabangi ukuthi abantu ngabanye bavule isifuba ngezinkinga zabo; mhlawumbe uyazi umuntu owenze lokho nje. Okwamanje, sesijwayele ukuzwa ngezindaba zezempilo yengqondo ezivela kwabezindaba nasemikhankasweni yomphakathi.

Kepha yize impilo yezengqondo inesikhundla esiphakeme kulezi zinsuku, futhi izindlela zokwelapha sezithuthuke ngokungangabazeki, ezinye izimo zihlala zombili zigcwele ukucwaswa futhi, kubantu abaningi kakhulu, kunzima ukuzelapha.

Izinkohliso ezishushisayo - ukwesaba okungenasisekelo kokuthi abantu bafuna ukusilimaza - ngokuqinisekile kuwela kulesi sigaba. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zokuxilongwa kwengqondo ezifana ne-schizophrenia, ukukhohlisa okushushisayo kungadala ukucindezeleka okukhulu. Cishe isigamu seziguli ezinesimo naso sihlushwa ukucindezeleka komtholampilo; impela, amazinga abo ezinga lokuphila kahle ngokwengqondo kumaphesenti ama-2 aphansi kunawo wonke wabantu. Lokhu akumangazi uma unikezwa ukuhlushwa kokucabanga, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi abangane bakho noma umndeni wakho bazimisele ukukuthola, noma ukuthi uhulumeni uhlela ukukubulala. Ukuba khona kokukhohlisa okushushisayo kubikezela ukuzibulala nokwamukelwa esibhedlela.

Njengoba kunikezwe konke lokhu, kuyadabukisa ukuthi namanje asinazo izinketho zokwelashwa ezisebenza njalo. Imithi nokwelashwa kwengqondo kungenza umehluko kanti abanye abaholi abamangalisayo kwezempilo yengqondo benza intuthuko ekuqondeni, ekwelapheni nasekulethweni kwezinsizakalo. Kodwa-ke, umuthi awusebenzeli wonke umuntu futhi imiphumela engemihle ingaba mibi kangangoba abantu abaningi bamane bayeke ukwelashwa. Okwamanje, ngenkathi izindlela zokwelashwa kwengqondo ezinjengesizukulwane sokuqala izindlela ze-CBT zibonakalise zilusizo kwabaningi, izinzuzo zingaba nesizotha. Ukutholakala nakho kunesizotha kakhulu, ngendlala yochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe abakwazi ukuletha ukwelashwa ngokwanele.

Uma ubheka izinketho ezitholakalayo njengamanje, futhi ukhumbula ukuthi iziguli eziningi zisakhathazwa yimicabango ephikisayo yize kunezinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka yokwelashwa, umqondo wokuthi ukukhohlisa kungalapheka ubonakala uyiphupho. Kepha lokhu kulapho sifuna ukusetha ibha. Kuyinjongo esicabanga ukuthi iyasebenza ezigulini eziningi. Futhi imiphumela yokuqala yohlelo lwethu lwe-Feeling Safe, exhaswe nguMkhandlu Wocwaningo Lwezokwelapha nokwakha phezu kobuchwepheshe bukazwelonke ekuqondeni nasekwelapha okuhlangenwe nakho kwengqondo, inikeza izizathu zokuba nethemba.

Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwakhiwe ezungeze imodeli yethu yombono ye-paranoia (kulokhu-ke yilokho okwaziwa njenge- ukwelashwa kokuhumusha ). Ingqikithi yokukhohliswa okushushisayo yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi inkolelo yokusongela: Ngamanye amagama, umuntu ukholelwa (ngephutha) ukuthi njengamanje basengozini. Lolu uhlobo lomuzwa abaningi bethu abake baba nawo ngesikhathi esithile. Ukukhohlisa okushushisayo okutholwa abantu abane-schizophrenia akuhlukile ngokwekhwalithi nokuphambana kwansuku zonke; zimane zijule kakhulu futhi ziyaphikelela. Ukukhohliswa okushushisayo kungukugcina okukhulu kwe-spectrum ye-paranoid.

Njengezimo eziningi ezingokwengqondo, kubantu abaningi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkolelo zabo ezisongelayo kulele ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kofuzo nemvelo. Ngengozi yokuzalwa, abanye bethu bangabanjwa yimicabango esolisayo kunabanye. Kepha lokho akusho ukuthi abantu abanobungozi bezakhi zofuzo bazohlangabezana nezinkinga nakanjani; kude nayo. Izici zemvelo - empeleni izinto ezenzeka kithi ezimpilweni zethu nendlela esiziphendula ngayo - okungenani zibalulekile njengezakhi zofuzo.

Lapho ukukhohliswa okushushisayo sekuthuthukile, kubangelwa uhla lwe izici zesondlo . Siyazi, isibonelo, ukuthi i-paranoia yondla imizwa yokuba sengozini okudalwe ukuzethemba okuphansi. Ukukhathazeka kuletha imibono esabekayo kepha engenakuphikwa engqondweni. Ukungalali kahle kubhebhethekisa imizwa yokwesaba ekhathazayo, Futhi ukuphazamiseka okucashile kokuqonda okuningana (isibonelo, imizwa ebangelwa wukukhathazeka) kuchazwa kalula njengezimpawu zengozi evela ngaphandle. Ukudukiswa kuphumelela futhi kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukucabanga okucabangayo” njengokugxumela eziphethweni nokugxila kuphela emicimbini ebonakala iqinisekisa umcabango ophambene. Izinyathelo zokuphikisa eziqondakalayo - njengokugwema isimo esesabekayo - zisho ukuthi lowo muntu akatholi ukuthi ngabe basengozini ngempela yini nokuthi ngabe umcabango wabo wokuphanjaniswa wawulungile yini.

Inhloso esemqoka yoHlelo Lokuzwa Ukuphepha ukuthi iziguli zifunde ukuphepha. Lapho bekwenza lokho, izinkolelo zokusongela ziqala ukuncibilika. Ngemuva kokubhekana nezinto abazigcinayo, sisiza iziguli ukuthi zibuyele ezimeni abazesabayo futhi zithole ukuthi, noma yini abangayizwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini, izinto sezihlukile manje.

Yize uHlelo Lokuzizwa Uphephile lusha, lwakhiwe phezu kwesu lokucwaninga elihlolisisiwe nelenziwe ngamabomu. Sisebenzisa izifundo ze-epidemiological kanye nezokuhlola, siyihlolile imfundiso futhi saqokomisa izici ezisemqoka zokulungiswa. Okulandelayo, saqala ukukhombisa ukuthi singazinciphisa izinto zesondlo nokuthi, lapho senza kanjalo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kweziguli kuyehla. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, amamojula abhekise isici ngasinye sesondlo ahlolwe yithi nozakwethu ezivivinyweni zokwelashwa ezibandakanya amakhulu eziguli. Ukuzizwa Uphephile kungumphumela wenqubo ende yokuhumusha isayensi isebenze. Manje sesifinyelele esigabeni esithokozisayo sokubeka amamojula ahlukene ekwelashweni okugcwele kokukhohlisa okuphikelelayo okushushisayo.

Imiphumela evela ezigulini zokuqala ukwenza uhlelo lwe-Feeling Safe Programme ishicilelwe kuleli sonto. Ukuhlolwa kwethu kweSigaba 1 bekubandakanya iziguli eziyishumi nanye ezinokukhohliswa okushushisayo okude okungazange kuphendule ekwelashweni kwezinsizakalo, iminyaka eminingi. Iningi leziguli nalo belizwa amazwi. Siqale sabasiza ukuthi babone izinto ezinakekela kakhulu izinto ebezibadalela inkinga. Iziguli bese zikhethwa kumenyu yokwelashwa ezidalelwe zona ikakhulukazi, kufaka phakathi, ngokwesibonelo, amamojula aklanyelwe ukunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ukuzibandakanya nokukhathazeka, ukwakha ukuzethemba, ukuthuthukisa ukulala, ukuguquguquka kalula kwisitayela sokucabanga, nokufunda ukuphatha ngaphandle kwekhawunta -izinyathelo bese uthola ukuthi umhlaba manje uphephile kubo.

Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezizayo, isiguli ngasinye sisebenze nodokotela wezengqondo ovela eqenjini ohlelweni lwabo lokwelashwa olwenziwe ngezifiso, babhekana nezimo zakhe zesondlo ngamunye ngamunye. Yini edala ukukhohlisa kuyehluka kuye ngesiguli; indlela engcono yokubhekana nalobu bunzima ukuyithatha isinyathelo - noma isondlo - ngasikhathi. Ukwelashwa kuyasebenza futhi kuyasebenza. Kugxile kakhulu ekusizeni iziguli ukuthi zizizwe ziphephile futhi zijabule, futhi zibuyele emuva zenze izinto abafuna ukuzenza.

Ngokwesilinganiso, iziguli zithole ukubonisana okungamashumi amabili nanye ngakunye ngakunye okuhlala cishe ihora, izikhathi ezivame ukusekelwa ngocingo, imibhalo kanye nama-imeyili. Izikhathi zenzeke ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene: isikhungo sezempilo yengqondo sendawo, ikhaya lesiguli, noma izindawo lapho isiguli singathola khona ukuphepha (isibonelo, indawo yokuthenga yendawo, noma ipaki). Lapho isici sesondlo sesibhekwane ngempumelelo, isiguli sadlulela esigabeni esilandelayo sokuqala.

Imiphumela yayitelekile; uhlelo lubukeka sengathi lungamela ushintsho lwesinyathelo ekwelapheni ukukhohlisa. Isayensi empeleni ingahumushela entuthukweni ebonakalayo ebonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwesigamu seziguli (amaphesenti angama-64) alulame ekukhohlisweni kwawo okwase kukudala. Laba kwakungabantu ababeqalise ukuqulwa kwecala ngokukhohlisa okungapheli okuqhubekayo, ezinye izimpawu zengqondo ezikhathazayo, kanye nenhlalakahle yomqondo ophansi kakhulu - iqembu elinzima kunazo zonke ukukhomba ngempatho entsha. Kodwa njengoba uhlelo luqhubeka, iziguli zathola inzuzo enkulu kuzo zonke lezi zindawo; abaningana bakwazi futhi ukunciphisa imithi yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli bezikujabulele ukunamathela kulolu hlelo, cishe konke okusho ukuthi kubasizile ukubhekana ngempumelelo nezinkinga zabo.

Akusebenzelanga wonke umuntu futhi lokhu ukuhlolwa kokuqala kakhulu kokwelashwa okuqhubeka nokuvela. Isivivinyo esigcwele esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe esixhaswe yi-NHS National Institute of Health Research yase-UK siqale ngoFebhuwari. Uma le miphumela yokuqala ingaphindwa, uhlelo lwe-Feeling Safe luzomela inqubekela phambili engakaze ibonwe. Ukuqonda kwethu izimbangela zokukhohlakala sekuqubuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva ngakho-ke uma kukhulunywa ngokwakhiwa kokwelapha okuyimpumelelo singaqhubeka nokuzethemba okukhulu kunakuqala. Okokugcina, kungenzeka ukucabanga ngekusasa lapho iziguli ezinokukhohliswa okushushisayo, isikhathi eside kangaka inkinga ebonakalayo engenakulungiseka, zinganikezwa ikhambi eliqinile, elithembekile nelisebenza ngokungaguquguquki. I-Paranoia, kubonakala sengathi ekugcineni ingase ivele isivela emathunzini.

UDaniel noJason bangababhali besihloko esithi The Stressed Sex: Uncovery the Truth about Men, Women and Mental Health. Ku-Twitter, bangu @ProfDFreeman no @ JasonFreeman100.