Kulokho Google Memo Mayelana Nokwehluka Kobulili

-Delile

• Ucansi Lubalulekile Ukufundwa
• Kungani Kubukeka Njengabanye Abantu Bakujabulela Ucansi Kunakho

Isisebenzi seGoogle sisanda kuxoshwa ngenxa yokwabelana ngememo ebhekisa olunye ucwaningo lwami lwesayensi ngokuhluka kocansi kwezengqondo (isb., Izici zobuntu, izintandokazi zomlingani, ukufuna isimo). Iphini Likamongameli Wezinhlobonhlobo, Ubuqotho, Nokuphatha lakwa-Google, uDanielle Brown, uthathe izimangalo zesisebenzi "njengokucabanga okungalungile okuthuthukile ngobulili." Ngokuhambisana nobunye ubufakazi, isisebenzi sathi, ngokwengxenye, ukuthi ucwaningo lwengqondo ngokuhluka kocansi lukhombisa izinqubomgomo zezenzo zokuqinisekisa ezisekelwe ocansini lwezinto eziphilayo ezingafanelekile. Mhlawumbe, mhlawumbe cha. Ake sihlole inkinga.

Ngicabanga ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalesi sihloko ngokwesayensi, ukugcina umqondo ovulekile nokusebenzisa ukungabaza okunolwazi lapho uhlola izimangalo ngobufakazi. Endabeni yezimpawu zobuntu, ubufakazi bokuthi abesilisa nabesifazane bangaba namazinga ahlukile wezici ezithile buqinile. Isibonelo, umehluko wobulili ku- imizwa engemihle zikhona kuwo wonke amasiko; ukuvela ngokuthuthukayo kuwo wonke amasiko ngesikhathi esifanayo; axhumene nezinkinga zezempilo yengqondo ezitholakele (hhayi nje ukuzibika); zivela zigxile ekwehlukaneni kobulili kwi-neurology, kusebenze zofuzo, nakuma-hormone; makhulu emazweni alinganayo ngobulili; njalonjalo (ngokubuyekezwa okufushane kwalobu bufakazi, bheka lapha). Ngokubona kwami, ukusho ukuthi ukwehluka kobulili kukhona emizweni engemihle akuyona "inkolelo engalungile ngobulili." Kuyisimangalo esisekelwa kahle (okungenani, ngokuya ngesayensi yezengqondo engcono kakhulu esinayo kuze kube manje).

Noma kunjalo, akucaci kimi ukuthi ukwehluka kobulili okunje kuhambelana kanjani nendawo yokusebenza yakwaGoogle. Futhi noma ngabe umehluko wezocansi emizweni engemihle ubufanelekile ekusebenzeni kwe-Google (isb., Ukungakwazi ukuphatha izabelo ezicindezelayo), ubukhulu bale mehluko wobulili obungokomzwelo obubi abubukhulu kakhulu (imvamisa, busukela phakathi kokuncane "kuye" ngokulinganisela ”Kusibalo setemu losayizi womphumela wezibalo, ukubalwa kwemali okungaba ngu-10% kokwehluka ¹ ). Sebenzisa ubulili bomuntu bomuntu othile ukwenza iqembu lonke lobuntu lifane nokusebenza ngokuhlinzwa ngembazo. Akucaci ngokwanele ukwenza okuhle okuningi, mhlawumbe kuzodala umonakalo omkhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadoda azwela kakhulu kunabesifazane ngezindlela ezithile, futhi. Ukwahluka kocansi emizweni kuncike ohlotsheni lomzwelo, ukuthi kukalwa kanjani, lapho kuvezwa khona, lapho kuvezwa khona, nezinye izinto eziningi zomongo. Ukuthi konke lokhu kungena kanjani emsebenzini we-Google akucaci kimi. Kepha mhlawumbe kuyenzeka.

Ngokuqondene nokwehluka kobulili ku izintandokazi zomlingani futhi ukufuna isimo , lezi zihloko futhi zicwaningwe kakhulu kuwo wonke amasiko (ukubuyekeza, bheka lapha). Futhi, nokho, iningi lale mehluko wobulili lilinganiselwe ngosayizi futhi ngokubona kwami ​​akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube yikho konke okuphathelene nendawo yokusebenza yakwaGoogle (kubalwa, mhlawumbe, amaphuzu wamaphesenti ambalwa okwehluka phakathi kwemiphumela yokusebenza kwabesilisa nabesifazane).

Ukwehluka kobulili ngokwesiko jikelele ku izindinganiso zomuntu siqu futhi ezithile amakhono okuqonda zikhulu ngosayizi (bheka lapha), nokwehluka kobulili ku- izintshisekelo zomsebenzi zinkulu impela ² . Kubukeka sengathi lokhu kwehlukahlukana ngokobulili okuhlangene nokwendalo kudlala indima ethile emaphethini wokuqashwa ngokobulili kwabasebenzi bakwaGoogle. Isibonelo, ngo-2013, i-18% yeziqu ze-bachelor's computing itholwe ngabesifazane, futhi cishe imisebenzi engama-20% yezobuchwepheshe kuGoogle okwamanje iphethwe ngabesifazane. Noma yiziphi izinqubo zokuqinisekisa i-Google ezisebenzisayo zibonakala zisebenza kahle kakhulu (okungenani ezingeni lomsebenzi wobuchwepheshe). Noma kunjalo, ngicabanga ukuthi kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ukuthi iningi lokwehlukana kocansi kwengqondo kuncane kakhulu ukulinganisela ngosayizi, futhi kunokuba kuqoqwe abesilisa nabesifazane emaqenjini amakhulu, ngicabanga ukuthi ukwehluka kobulili nocansi kucatshangwa kangcono ngokwesayensi njengokudayela okuhlukahlukene, noma kunjalo (bheka lapha).

Manje, ukuphatha abantu njengabesilisa nabesifazane abathandanayo yilokho izinqubomgomo eziningi zokuqinisekisa ezenziwa. Njengoba lokhu kungeyona indawo yami yobungoti, ngingavele nginikeze umbono wami ongeyona ingcweti kulolu daba, okungukuthi: Kube khona (futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kusazoqhubeka) kube nezithiyo eziningi kwezenhlalo kubantu besifazane abasebenza emisebenzini yezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinkolelo zobulili ezigxile ngokwesiko, imikhuba yokusebenzelana nabantu eyehlukile, kwamanye amasiko ukucwaswa okucacile kokuqashwa, kanye nezinga elithile lobudoda ezindaweni zokusebenza zobuchwepheshe. Ngaphakathi kwalolu lwandle lokukhetha ubulili, ngabe iGoogle kufanele isebenzise imikhuba eyahlukahlukene (isenzo sokuvuma akuyona nje into eyodwa) ukukhuthaza ikakhulukazi abesifazane abakwaziyo ukujoyina (nokujabulela) indawo yokusebenza yakwaGoogle? Ngivota yebo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele yini sikwazi ukuxoxa ngokukhululekile futhi saziswe ngomehluko wangempela wocansi wezengqondo obangela ukwehluka ekusebenzeni kwamadoda nabesifazane emsebenzini, futhi kungaholela ekubeni ngaphansi kwabangama-50% abasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe kube ngabesifazane? Ngokwesimo esifanele, ngivotela yebo nakulokho. Ngokusobala kwaGoogle, amabhodi wezingxoxo angaphakathi enzelwe izingxoxo ezivulekile mayelana nokwehluka nokucabanga okusekelwe kwisayensi akuwona umongo ofanele wokuxoxa ngobufakazi ngokuhluka kocansi ngokwengqondo.

Imibhalo yaphansi

¹ Lapho ubukhulu obuningi bobuntu buhlolwa bonke ngasikhathi sinye, ukwehluka kobulili ebuntwini kukhulu kakhulu. Ngo-2012, uDel Giudice nozakwabo ngesikhathi esisodwa bahlola ubukhulu obungu-15 bobuntu futhi bathola okungaphansi kokungu-10% okugqagqene ekusatshalalisweni kobuntu kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Noma kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuthi zonke lezi zilinganiso ze-15 zihambisana nokusebenza kwe-Google emsebenzini. UDel Giudice, M., Booth, T., & Irwing, P. (2012). Ibanga eliphakathi kweMars neVenus: Ukukala ukwehluka kobulili emhlabeni wonke ebuntwini. I-PloS eyodwa, 7, e29265.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngoba abasebenzi bakwaGoogle ba khetha kakhulu iqembu (isb., okungenzeka ukuthi linamazinga aphezulu kakhulu obuhlakani nezintshisekelo kubuchwepheshe), noma ikuphi ukwehluka kobulili ezicini zobuntu ezibonwa kubantu jikelele kungenzeka kungabi sezingeni elifanayo ncamashi phakathi kwabasebenzi bakwaGoogle.

² Ukungafani kocansi ku ukujikeleza kwengqondo ikhono lilinganiselwe ngosayizi kuwo wonke amasiko. Ngonyaka we-2007, ucwaningo lwezizwe ezingama-40 olwalubhala umehluko wocansi emandleni okujikeleza ngengqondo lwalulapho jikelele (uSilverman, I., Choi, J., & Peters, M. (2007). Idatha evela emazweni angama-40. Izinqolobane Zokuziphatha Ngokobulili, 36 , 261-268). Ucwaningo lwezizwe ezingama-53 luthole into efanayo, futhi kwaphawula umehluko wocansi emandleni okujikeleza kwengqondo ngobukhulu emazweni alinganayo ngobulili (Lippa, R. A., Collaer, M. L., & Peters, M. (2010) .Ukungafani ngokobulili ngokushintshana kwengqondo kanye nokwahlulela kwe-line angle kuhlotshaniswa ngokulingana nokulingana ngokobulili nentuthuko yezomnotho ezizweni zonke ezingama-53. Izinqolobane Zokuziphatha Ngocansi, 39, 990-997.).

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