I-COVID-19 Iduna Kanjani Ukuba Sengozini Kwengqondo

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• Ukucindezeleka Ukufunda Okubalulekile
• Ukukhululwa Kwingcindezi 101: Umhlahlandlela Osekelwe Kwisayensi

Ngabantu abangaba yisigidi abafile, kubonakala kucace bha ukuthi i-COVID-19 iyayithinta impilo yethu yomzimba. Futhi nokho, njengoba ososayensi behlaziya idatha ezungeze leli gciwane, kufihlwe ingqikithi efihliwe futhi ephathelene nayo. I-COVID-19 ibonakala isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bethu ngobuchwepheshe. Izimo zethu ezingokwengqondo, ikakhulukazi ulwazi lokucindezeleka okungapheli, zingaletha ubungozi obukhulu bezinkinga ezinzima ze-COVID-19. Okukhathaza kakhulu, i-COVID-19 ingahle ibe yimbi kakhulu emaphethini engqondo afaka isandla enkingeni yethu yamanje.

Ukuze siqonde ukuxhumana phakathi kwesimo sethu sengqondo kanye naleli gciwane, kudingeka sazi ukuthi ngubani ohlupheka kakhulu ezinkingeni ze-coronavirus. Ekuqaleni kwalolu bhubhane, kwakuvame ukuthiwa leli gciwane “alikhethi.” Manje siyazi ukuthi lesi sitatimende asilungile. Abantu abahlangabezana nezifo ezinzima namazinga aphezulu okufa avela ku-COVID-19 bavame ukuba yilabo abanezinkinga zezempilo esezivele zikhona njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nomdlavuza. Ubufakazi obukhulu bukhombisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwengcindezi nokuthuthuka kwalezi zimo zezempilo.

Ngokuvamile, kufika ku-90% wezifo zabantu ezixhunywe kusebenze kohlelo lokucindezeleka. Izifo ezinokuxhuma okuqine kakhulu ekucindezelekeni zifaka phakathi isifo sikashukela, umdlavuza, isifo senhliziyo, nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, okucishe kube isibuko sohlu lwezifo ezihambisana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yokutheleleka nge-COVID-19.

Ucwaningo lwesayensi luphinde lusikhanyisele ngokuqina okuqinile phakathi kokuxineka okungapheli kanye nokungasebenzi komzimba. Lokhu kugxile kakhulu emkhakheni okhulayo we-psychoneuroimmunology. Ubunzima bengqondo bubonakala bunomthelela ekugomeni komzimba wethu ngohlelo lokuzwelana nozwela kanye ne-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukucindezeleka okungapheli kunemithelela emibili emikhulu kumasosha omzimba. Okokuqala, kuholela ekucindezelweni okujwayelekile kokuzivikela komzimba, okwenza kube nzima ngathi ukufaka impendulo ekutheleleni. Isibonelo, kucatshangwa ukuthi kunciphisa ukusebenza kwamaseli wethu wemvelo okubulala, kulimaza ingxenye yesistimu yomzimba esiza ukulwa namagciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu kucindezelwa komzimba okugcwele kakhulu, ukucindezelwa okungapheli kubonakala futhi kudala isimo sokuvuvukala okusemazingeni aphansi. Ngokwenani lobuso, lokhu kubonakala kuyindida, njengoba omunye wemiphumela eyinhloko yama-hormone okucindezela ukwehlisa ukuvuvukala. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukuguquguquka kwengcindezi kusuka kokubi kuya kokungalapheki, amazinga okuvuvukala aqala ukukhuphuka, okungahle kube ngumphumela wezinguquko kwi-receptor receptor stress. Ukuvuvukala okuphakeme uqobo kubhekwa njengengxenye yezifo eziningi ezibeka engcupheni ephezulu yezinkinga ze-COVID-19. Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi ukusabela okunamandla okuvuvukala okubizwa nge- "cytokine storm" kuyabandakanyeka ekufeni ngenxa ye-COVID-19.

Unale mibono engqondweni, ingcindezi engapheli ingamela enye yezinto ezinganakwa kakhulu emiphumeleni emibi evela ku-COVID-19. Ngeshwa, lokhu kusho ukuthi singabanjwa yigciwane njengamanje. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi abantu bosuku lwanamuhla bahlangabezana nokucindezeleka okungapheli. Inhlolovo ka-2019 yeGallup ikhombise ukuthi abaseMelika babike ukucindezeleka okukhulu, intukuthelo, nokukhathazeka kunalokho ababenakho kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, kanti abangaphezu kwengxenye yabo bathi bake baba nengcindezi phakathi nezinsuku eziningi ezedlule. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isimo sethu sengqondo esingesihle esasikhona esengqondo esasikhona cishe sasenza sengozini enkulu emiphumeleni yegciwane.

Njengokungathi lokhu akukubi ngokwanele, ucwaningo olwengeziwe lukhombisa ukuthi igciwane lingaqhubeka likhulise impilo yethu engeyinhle ngokwengqondo. AbaseMelika ngokwesilinganiso balinganisele amazinga abo okucindezeleka ngo-2020 kunango-2019, futhi, ngokumangazayo, babika ukuthi i-COVID-19 ibingumthombo obalulekile walolo xinzelelo. Esikhathini semigomo esetshenzisiwe yokukhiya, kunokukhathazeka ukuthi amazinga esizungu asevele enyukile, kanti ucwaningo lwamuva luphakamisa ukukhuphuka komhlaba wonke ekucindezelekeni, ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazekeni. Kuyaphawuleka futhi ukuthi le miphumela ingathinta ngokungafani abancane.

Lesi sithombe sibonakala sifiphele. Kodwa-ke kunezizathu eziningana zokukhuthazwa. Okokuqala, eminye imininingwane ikhombisa ukuthi isizungu kungenzeka ukuthi asikubanga kubi kakhulu lokho nokuthi abaningi babona ukwesekwa okwengeziwe okuvela kwabanye. Ngokwengeziwe, kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi, amazinga okucindezeleka aseMelika angahle anciphe.

Yini esingayenza ukuze sithuthukise isimo sethu sengqondo? Okokuqala, singanciphisa ukuxhumana kwethu nokuvezwa okungadingekile nokungakhiqizi koxinzelelo. Kuze kube manje, singazinikeza amandla thina nabanye ukuthi sithathe ikhefu ezingxoxweni eziqagelayo, ezishukumisayo nezingasizi ngalutho ezithinta igciwane. Ukulandela iziphakamiso zabacwaningi, kufanele sicabangele ukukhawulela ukutholakala kwethu kokuphindaphindwa kwabezindaba ngalolu bhubhane, ikakhulukazi uma lunikeza imininingwane emisha emincane. Ukuvezwa kwemithombo yezokuxhumana okuhlobene nobhubhane nakho kungaba yinkinga, ngemininingwane evela emazweni amaningi ekhombisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezimpawu ezihlobene nengcindezi nokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwemithombo yezokuxhumana.

Ukucindezeleka Ukufunda Okubalulekile

Ukukhululwa Kwingcindezi 101: Umhlahlandlela Osekelwe Kwisayensi