Ukuthi Ukudla Ngokudla Kuguqula Kanjani Ubuchopho

Ngabe uyazibuza ukuthi ngabe ikhekhe likhekhe lantambama lizoshintsha umzimba wakho? Ngenkathi iningi lethu likucabanga ukuthi lishintsha ukhalo lwethu, bambalwa abazibuza ukuthi nalo luguqula ubuchopho. Kepha kuyenzeka, futhi ucwaningo olusanda kushicilelwa (iRossi, 2019) lusikhombisa ukuthi kanjani.

Umqondo wokuthi ubuchopho bunethonya cishe kukho konke esikwenzayo akufanele kusimangaze; ukuthi ubani esimthandayo, indlela esizizwa ngayo, ngisho nokuthi yini esiyidlayo kuyathinteka ekusebenzeni kobuchopho. Ukulala phansi ekujuleni kobuchopho bethu kuhlala iqembu lamaseli aqukethe i-hypothalamus. I-hypothalamus ihlela ukulawula ukuziphatha okuningi okuhlobene nokusinda kohlobo; izindlela zokuziphatha, njengoba ngihlala ngitshela abafundi bami, ziqukethe ama-F amane omthethonqubo we-hypothalamic - ukulwa, ukubaleka, ukondla nokuhlangana.

Njengezindawo eziningi zobuchopho, i-hypothalamus ihlukaniswe yaba yizinhlaka ezincane; lawa abizwa kaningi kusetshenziswa amagama akhomba ukuqondiswa. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga nge-lateral hypothalamus. Igama layo lisho ukuthi ihlala engxenyeni ye-lateral ye-hypothalamus, noma kude nendawo. Labo bethu abanentshisekelo ekuziphatheni okukhuthazekile bayazi ukuthi ukutadisha ithonya lobuchopho ekondleni ngeke nakanjani uwele izindlela ne-lateral hypothalamus. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kubalulekile ekwenzeni lula noma ukwandisa ukudla. Ikwenza lokhu ngokuguqula imetabolism, ukugaya, ukuvimbela i-insulin, nokuzwa ukunambitheka, ukubala izici ezimbalwa. I-lateral hypothalamus ibuye ilondolozwe kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane ngakho-ke ifanelekile ukumodela izici ezahlukahlukene zokuziphatha komuntu kokudla. Ngakho-ke uma ucabanga ukuthi ukwanda kokudla, cabanga ngomsebenzi owandisiwe ku-lateral hypothalamus yakho.

Lobu budlelwano buqale babonakaliswa ezifundweni zokuqala zezilwane ezingezona ezabantu, okukhombise ukuthi amagundane anomonakalo kwi-hypothalamus yawo yangemuva kaningi ayenqaba ukudla futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengoba umuntu angalindela, ukuvuselela noma ukwenza kusebenze lesi sifunda kwenza ukudla kunganeliseki. I-idiosyncrasies yesixhumanisi phakathi kokudla ne-lateral hypothalamus isivele yafundwa kabanzi futhi le mininingwane ingaphezu kwengxoxo yethu. Qiniseka ukuthi, noma kunjalo, ukuthi ososayensi abaningi abasebenza ngokuziphatha okuhle banikele inani elingenakulinganiswa lamahora ekwaziseni ukuqonda kwethu ukuthi i-lateral hypothalamus ilamula kanjani umvuzo wokudla nowokudla. I-athikili kaRossi nozakwabo yenza lokho nje, ngokukhombisa ukuthi ukudla ngokweqile kulungisa kanjani i-lateral hypothalamus nokuthi lezi zinguquko zithinta kanjani indlela esidla ngayo.

Ngokuhlanganisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zamaselula, abalingisi bahlola ukuthi ngabe ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu kuguqule ukubonakaliswa kofuzo kwamaseli ku-lateral hypothalamus. Ukuhlolwa kwakwenzelwe ukuqhathanisa ukubonakaliswa kofuzo kwamaseli kumagundane athola ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathola ukudla okujwayelekile. Bathola ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngenxa yokukhuluphala kumaseli ahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kwe-hypothalamus lateral. Kodwa-ke, ushintsho olunamandla kakhulu olubangelwa ukukhuluphala lwenzeke kumaseli aqukethe iprotheni ebizwa nge-vesicular glutamate transporter type-2. Ngokuvamile, lawa maseli asebenzisa ikhemikhali yobuchopho esebenza ngokushesha ejabulisayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-glutamate. Babuye bawahlola la maseli bathola ukuthi ayasabela ekusetshenzisweni koshukela; Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu bempendulo babuxhomeke esimweni sokugqugquzela izilwane: Ukuthi isilwane sasifuna ukudla okungakanani okwaba nomthelela ekutheni amaseli aphendula kanjani kushukela.

Ukondla amagundane ngaphambili (isimo sokugqugquzela okuphansi) noma ukwethula isimo sokuzila samahora angama-24 (isimo esikhuthaza kakhulu) ngaphambi kwesilingo esilawulwa isisusa sokudla. Amaseli ajabulisayo e-lateral hypothalamus yezilwane esimweni esiphansi sokugqugquzela (angalambile) ahlangabezana nokusebenza okukhulu ngemuva kokusetshenziswa koshukela kunezilwane ezazizila ukudla. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi ukwaneliseka kokudla kuthonya umvuzo wokufaka ikhodi kokudla okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-hypothalamus yamuva.

Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngephrofayili yokufaka amakhodi kulawa maseli ajabulisayo ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu nakho kushintshe izinga lokuphendula kwabo. Okungukuthi, amangqamuzana ezilwane ekudleni okuvamile agcina ikhono lawo lokuthola ukusetshenziswa koshukela, kepha amaseli kumagundane ekudleni okunamafutha amaningi aqhubeka esabela kancane kushukela; ngakho-ke, ushintsho ebuchosheni.

Lokhu okutholakele kuyinoveli futhi kuyajabulisa, njengoba kukhombisa ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu kuguqula ukufaka ikhodi kumvuzo wokudla kumaseli ngamanye ku-lateral hypothalamus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje sesiyabona ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha aphakeme okungaguquki kuguqula i-lateral hypothalamus ngokunqanda impendulo yabo ye-neural futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise "ukubopha" okungapheli kokudla. Ngamanye amagama, ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kungashintsha ubuchopho bakho ukukhuthaza ukudla ngokweqile.