Okudingeka Ukwazi Ngokulala Ne-Alzheimer's

Ngisebenza nsuku zonke ekugcineni ubuchopho bami busesimweni esihle. Ngiyafunda, ngidlala imidlalo nezingane zami (Amagama nabangani, noma ubani?), Ngithatha izithasiselo, uyiqambe igama. Ngidla ukudla okugcizelela ukudla kobuchopho-kufaka phakathi ama-omega 3s engibhale ngawo muva nje. Ngiphinde ngiqiniseke ukuthi ngithola ukulala okuningi.

Ngisebenza kanzima namuhla ukuze amakhono ami okuqonda ahlale amashumi eminyaka aqinile phansi komgwaqo.

Kepha ukuphila ngendlela enempilo akusigcini sikhathazeke ngezingozi zesikhathi eside zokwehla kwengqondo kanye nezifo ezingenayo i-neurodegenerative njengokuwohloka komqondo. Iziguli zami eziningi ezihamba ngeminyaka yobudala obuphakathi zikhuluma nami mayelana nokwesaba kwazo kokulahlekelwa inkumbulo, ukucaciseleka kwengqondo, kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo ngeminyaka yobudala — kanye nokukhathazeka kwazo nge-Alzheimer's ikakhulukazi.

Kunocwaningo olusha mayelana nokuhlobana phakathi kokulala ne-Alzheimer's engifuna ukukuhlanganyela nawe — ucwaningo olusimamisa ukuqonda kwethu ukuthi ukulala kabi nokugula kwe-Alzheimer kuxhumene kanjani. Iningi lethu mhlawumbe liyazi, noma lazi ngomuntu ohlaselwe yi-Alzheimer's. Ngeshwa, izinombolo ziyakufakazela lokho. Ngokusho kwe-Alzheimer's Association, othile e-US uba nesifo i-Alzheimer njalo ngemizuzwana engama-65. Namuhla, kunezigidi ezingama-5.7 zabantu baseMelika abaphila nalesi sifo se-neurodegenerative-uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuwohloka komqondo. Ngo-2050, kulinganiselwa ukuthi lelo nani lizokhuphukela ezigidini eziyi-14.

Yini ebangela isifo i-Alzheimer's?

Impendulo enzima ukuthi, asikakazi. Ososayensi basebenza kanzima ukuthola izimbangela eziyimbangela ye-Alzheimer's. Yize singakazi okwamanje ukuthi kungani, esikwaziyo ukuthi lesi sifo sibanga izinkinga ezibalulekile endleleni amangqamuzana obuchopho asebenza ngayo.

Izigidigidi zama-neuron ebuchosheni bethu zihlala zisebenza, zisigcina siphila futhi zisebenza. Zisenza sikwazi ukucabanga nokwenza izinqumo, ukugcina nokubuyisa inkumbulo nokufunda, sizwe umhlaba osizungezile ngezinzwa zethu, sizwe imizwa yethu yonke, futhi siziveze ngolimi nasekuziphatheni.

Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaprotheni ezifakwa ezibangela ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana obuchopho, okuholela ezinkingeni ezibucayi ngokuqhubekayo ngememori, ukufunda, imizwa, nokuziphatha- izimpawu ezivelele ze-Alzheimer's. Okubili kwalawo maprotheni yilawa:

• Amaprotheni e-beta-amyloid, akha akha amapuleti azungeze amangqamuzana obuchopho.
• Amaprotheni kaTau, akhula abe amafindo anjenge-fiber — aziwa njengamathanga — ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana obuchopho.

Ososayensi basasebenza ukuze baqonde ukuthi izingcwecwe namathanga afaka isandla kanjani kwisifo i-Alzheimer's kanye nezimpawu zaso. Ngokukhula, kujwayelekile ukuthi abantu bahlakulele ezinye zalezi zakhi ebuchosheni. Kepha abantu abane-Alzheimer's bakha izingcwecwe nemiphimbo ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu-ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zobuchopho ezihlobene nememori neminye imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yokuqonda.

Kunomzimba ocwaningayo okhulayo okhombisa ukulala okungekho esimweni esihle futhi ukungalali ngokwanele kuxhunyaniswe nenani elikhulu lamaprotheni e-beta-amyloid kanye ne-tau ebuchosheni. Ucwaningo olulodwa olukhishwe ngo-2017 lwathola ukuthi kubantu abadala abanempilo, abaneminyaka ephakathi nendawo, ukuphazanyiswa kokulala okuncane kwe-wave kuhlotshaniswa namazinga akhuphukayo amaprotheni we-beta-amyloid.

Ukulala kwasemini kuxhumene namaphrotheni ahlobene ne-Alzheimer's ebuchosheni

Ucwaningo olusanda kukhishwa lukhombisa ukuthi ukulala ngokweqile emini kuxhumene namanani aphezulu we-beta-amyloid protein brain deposits kubantu abadala asebekhulile abanempilo. Ososayensi eMayo Clinic babeke esifundweni sabo ukuphendula umbuzo omkhulu mayelana nobungozi: ingabe ukwakheka kwamaprotheni we-beta-amyloid kunomthelela ekulaleni kahle, noma ukuphazamiseka kokulala kuholela ekuqongeleleni kwala maprotheni?

Umtholampilo waseMayo ubusuvele unocwaningo lwesikhathi eside mayelana nezinguquko zengqondo ezihambisana nokuguga. Kusukela kulolo cwaningo eselivele lisebenza, ososayensi bakhethe abantu abangama-283, ababeneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-70 futhi ababengenakho ukuwohloka komqondo, ukuphenya ubudlelwano phakathi kwezindlela zabo zokulala nomsebenzi wabo wamaprotheni we-beta-amyloid.

Ekuqaleni kocwaningo, cishe ikota eyodwa — okungaphezudlwana kwamaphesenti angama-22 — abantu abadala eqenjini babike ukuthi babezwela ubuthongo obukhulu emini.Ukulala ngokweqile emini kuyiqiniso, kuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuthi awutholi ukulala ngokwanele ebusuku — futhi kuyisifo esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kokulala okuvamile, kuhlanganise nokuqwasha.

Esikhathini esiyiminyaka eyisikhombisa, ososayensi babheke umsebenzi weziguli we-beta-amyloid besebenzisa izikena ze-PET. Bathole:

Abantu abalala ngokweqile emini ekuqaleni kwesifundo bebengaba namazinga aphezulu we-beta-amyloid ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kulaba bantu abantula ubuthongo, inani elikhulu lokwakhiwa kwe-beta-amyloid lenzeke ezindaweni ezimbili ezithile zobuchopho: i-anterior cingulate ne-cingulate precuneus. Kubantu abane-Alzheimer's, lezi zindawo ezimbili zobuchopho zivame ukukhombisa amazinga aphezulu wokwakhiwa kwe-beta-amyloid.

Lolu cwaningo alunikezeli impendulo eqondile embuzweni wokuthi ngabe ukulala kabi yini okushayela amaprotheni ama-amyloid akha, noma amadiphozi ama-amyloid abangela izinkinga zokulala — noma ezinye zazo zombili. Kepha kuyasikisela ukuthi ukulala ngokweqile emini kungaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso sokuqala se-Alzheimer's.

Ucwaningo lweMayo Clinic luhambisana nocwaningo lwakamuva olubheke ubudlelwano phakathi kokulala kabi kanye nengozi ye-Alzheimer's. Ososayensi eNyuvesi yaseWisconsin, uMadison uphenye ukuxhumana okungenzeka phakathi kwekhwalithi yokulala nezimpawu ezithile ezibalulekile ze-Alzheimer's, ezitholakala kumgogodla womgogodla, kufaka phakathi izimpawu zamaprotheni we-beta-amyloid kanye namaprotheni we-tau aholela ezintanjeni eziklinywa ngamaseli ezinzwa.

Kulolu cwaningo, ososayensi bahlola abantu abangenayo i-Alzheimer's noma ukuwohloka komqondo — kepha bakhethe ngokukhethekile abantu ababesengozini enkulu yalesi sifo, mhlawumbe ngoba babenomzali one-Alzheimer's noma ngoba babephethe isakhi sofuzo esithile (i-apolipoprotein E gene), kuxhumene nalesi sifo.

Njengabalingani babo baseMayo, abacwaningi baseMadison bathole ukuthi abantu abathola ubuthongo obedlulele basemini bakhombisa izimpawu eziningi zamaprotheni we-beta-amyloid. Baphinde bathola ukulala kwasemini okuxhunyaniswe nezimpawu eziningi zamaprotheni we-tau. Futhi abantu ababike ukulala kabi futhi abanezinkinga eziningi zokulala bakhombise okuningi kwama-biomarker e-Alzheimer kunabalingani babo bokulala umsindo.

Ubuchopho buzihlanza ngamaprotheni ahlobene ne-Alzheimer ngesikhathi sokulala

Kwakuyiminyaka embalwa edlule lapho ososayensi bathola uhlelo ngaphambili olwalungaziwa ebuchosheni oludoti, kufaka phakathi amaprotheni e-beta-amyloid ahambisana ne-Alzheimer's. (Ososayensi base-University of Rochester Medical Center abenze lokhu kwatholakala bayiqamba ngokuthi “uhlelo lwe-glymphatic,” ngoba lusebenza kakhulu njengohlelo lwe-lymphatic lomzimba ekususeni imfucuza emzimbeni, futhi luqhutshwa ngamangqamuzana obuchopho abuthakathaka.) t vele ukhombe uhlelo lwe-glymphatic-ukutholakala okuyisisekelo kukodwa. Baphinde bathola ukuthi uhlelo lwe-glymphatic ludlulela ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokulala.

Lapho silala, ososayensi bathola ukuthi, uhlelo lwe-Olympics lusebenza ngokuphindwe kayishumi ekususeni imfucuza ebuchosheni.

Lokhu kungenye yocwaningo oluphoqelela kakhulu okwamanje ukukhombisa ukubaluleka kokulala okunempilo empilweni yesikhathi eside yobuchopho. Lapho ulele, ososayensi manje bacabanga ukuthi, uhlelo lwakho lwe-glymphatic lukhuphula umsebenzi walo ukususa imfucumfucu engaba yingozi eqoqwe ngosuku lwakho lokuvuka. Uma ulala kabi noma ungalali ngokwanele njalo, usengozini yokuphuthelwa yimiphumela ephelele yale nqubo yokuhlanza.

Imijikelezo engajwayelekile yokulala ixhumene ne-Alzheimer's

Olunye uphawu lokuxwayisa olungahle luhlobene nokulala lwe-Alzheimer's? Kuphazamise izindlela zokulala, ngokusho kocwaningo olusha. Ososayensi eWashington University School of Medicine balandela isigqi se-circadian kanye nemijikelezo yokulala yabantu abadala asebekhulile abacishe babe ngu-200 (isilinganiso seminyaka, i-66), futhi babahlola bonke ngezibonakaliso zangaphambi kokutholwa kwe-Alzheimer's.

Ezigulini ezingama-50 ezikhombise izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's pre-clinical, zonke beziphazamise imijikelezo yokulala. Lokho kusho ukuthi imizimba yabo ibingahambisani nephethini ethembekile yokulala ebusuku nemisebenzi yasemini. Bakwazi ukulala kancane ebusuku, futhi bathambekele ekulaleni kakhulu emini.

Into eyodwa ebalulekile okumele uyiqaphele lapha: Abantu abasecwaningweni ababephazamise imijikelezo yokuvuka kokulala babengekho bonke ubuthongo. Babelala ngokwanele — kepha babeqoqa ubuthongo ngephethini ehlukaniswe kakhudlwana phakathi nosuku lwamahora angama-24.

Lolu cwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi se-circadian kungaba yi-biomarker yokuqala kakhulu ye-Alzheimer's, noma ngabe akukho ukuphuthelwa kokulala.

Lapho iziguli zami zihlanganyela nami ukukhathazeka kwazo ngempilo yazo yokuqonda isikhathi eside kanye nokwesaba kwazo i-Alzheimer's, ngiyaqonda. Ngizokutshela engibatshela khona: into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhumusha ukukhathazeka kwakho kube isenzo sokuvimbela futhi uzinakekele namuhla, ngenhloso yokwehlisa ingozi yakho yokwehla kwengqondo nokuwohloka komqondo engqondweni. Uma sibheka konke esikwaziyo, kusobala ukuthi ukulala ngobuningi, ukulala esezingeni eliphakeme kuyingxenye ebalulekile yalolo hlelo lokusebenza.

Lala kamnandi,
UMichael J. Breus, PhD, iDABSM
I-Doctor Yokulala ™
www.esho.cfom