Ukungqubuzana kwe-Intrapsychic namaphethini womndeni angasebenzi

Zimbalwa izifundo ezibheke ukuthi izinkinga zobuntu zingadluliselwa kanjani zisuka kwesinye isizukulwane ziye kwesinye. Ukugcizelelwa kwezifundo namuhla ikakhulukazi kuzici ze-biogenetic.

Kodwa-ke, izifundo ezimbalwa ezenziwe kuleyo ndaba ngokuvamile zibonisa amaphethini afanayo. Yize kungakaze kube khona ukuhlangana okukodwa kokunye (ngoba ukukhula kwabantu kuthinteka ekuhlanganyeleni okuyisiphithiphithi kwezinkulungwane kokuhlukahluka okuhlukile - izakhi zofuzo, ezebhayoloji, ezokuxhumana nabantu nezenhlalo), izindaba ezithile kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zidluliswe.

Izibonelo zezifundo ezibheke ukudluliswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zamaphethini angasebenzi kusuka embukisweni wesizukulwane esisodwa, zifaka:

Ukuphazamiseka kwemingcele njengokuvikelwa komama ngokweqile noma ubudlelwano obubonakala ngokushoda kothando, ukuqiniswa, kanye / noma ukuguqulwa kwendima yabazali / kwengane (UJacobvitz et al., Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nePsychopathology ); ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo ngamakhono angafanele okuyala nezingane (uKim et. al., Ijenali Yengqondo Yomndeni ); ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kuhlangene nokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane kanye / noma ukunganakwa; namazinga aphansi amakhono omndeni (USheridan, Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezingane Nokunganakwa ).

Ukuze uqonde inqubo okudluliswa ngayo lezi zinhlobo zamaphethini, ukufaka nokuguqula imiqondo evela "ezikoleni" ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwengqondo kuyisu eliwusizo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, ngizogxila ebudlelwaneni obuphakathi kwemiqondo emibili enjalo: Imodeli yokukhiqiza emithathu yokuziphatha okungasebenzi kahle evela ekwelashweni kwezinhlelo zomndeni wakwaBowen, kanye nengxabano ye-intrapsychic evela ekwelashweni kwe-psychodynamic. Abantu banezimpi zangaphakathi phakathi kwezifiso zabo ezingokwemvelo kanye nezindinganiso abazifundise ngaphakathi njengoba bekhula ngaphakathi kwemindeni yabo namasiko abo.

Isazi sokunamathisela uB Bowlby uqale wasikisela ukuthi ukudluliswa kwezizukulwane ngezizukulwane kwenzeka, hhayi ngokubheka izindlela ezithile zokuziphatha ezifana "nokuhlukumeza" noma ukuxilongwa kwezifo zengqondo ngasese, kodwa ngokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zengqondo zokuziphatha kwabantu ezingqondweni zezingane ezithintekile. Lezi zinhlobo zengqondo ezisebenzayo manje sezibizwa ngama-schemas ngabelaphi be-psychodynamic kanye ne-cognitive-yokuziphatha. Umqondo ubuye utholwe ngaphansi kwe-rubrics "theory of mind" noma "mentalization" ngenye iqoqo labelaphi be-psychodynamic. Singabheka okuhlangenwe nakho okuyisisekelo kwezingane ezithintekayo kukho konke ukukhula kwazo.

UZeanah noZeanah ( Ukusebenza kwengqondo ) xoxa ngomqondo wokuhlela izingqikithi. Babalula ukuthi ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlukumeza omama kuvame ukuveza izinhloso ezimbi kakhulu ezinganeni zabo uma kuqhathaniswa nezingane zabanye abantu. Ngokuvamile, basabela ngokucasuka okukhulu nangokuzwela okuncane kumateyipu evidiyo wezingane ezikhalayo kunabomama abangahlukumezi. Ukucabanga ukuthi la maphethini ngeke aqashelwe noma azwakale ezinganeni ngokuxhumana kwabo kwansuku zonke nabazali babo, futhi ngeke kuthinte ukuthuthukiswa kwezikimu zabo, kungaba yi-naïve eyedlulele.

Futhi, omama abahlukumezayo babika izinsongo eziningi zokushiywa kanye nokubuyiselwa emuva kwendima komama babo kunokulawula omama.

Lokhu okutholakele kungenzeka ukuthi kuyisiqalo seqhwa ngokuya ngokukhonjiswa okucashile kokuphindaphinda kokuxhumana komzali nengane, futhi njengoba amaZeanahs esho, "Amaphethini wokuxhumana abhekwa njenganemiphumela efinyelela kude kakhulu kunezehlakalo ezithile ezihlukumezayo."

Lapho abelaphi bakwaBowen beqala ukwenza izinhlobo ezigulini zabo, ezichaza amaphethini wokusebenzisana komndeni okungenani izizukulwane ezintathu, babone okuthile okungachazwanga kangako ezifundweni ezinamandla. Ngenkathi ezinye izingane zabazali ababengasebenzi kahle zazinezinkinga ezazifana nezabazali bazo - njengokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa - ezinye izingane zabonakala zinezindlela zokuziphatha ezaziphikisana ncamashi - zaba ngabathengisi bezidakamizwa!

Sengike ngayibona le nto kaningi ngenkathi ngithatha umlando womndeni ohlobene ne-genogram ezigulini zami. Indodana eyodwa yomuntu osebenza ngokweqile nayo izoba ngumlutha womsebenzi, kuyilapho umfowabo eba yivila eliphelele ongabonakali ebambelele emsebenzini, noma ongazihluphi nangokufuna eyodwa bese ekhubazeka ngandlela thile. Noma ngubani onikwa amandla ngubaba osebenza ngokweqile.

Eqinisweni, kweminye imindeni isizukulwane esisodwa sinezidakwa eziningi, isizukulwane esilandelayo sinabathengisi abaningi botshwala, kanti isizukulwane sesithathu sibuyela ekubeni nezidakwa eziningi. Noma impumelelo emangalisayo esizukulwaneni esisodwa ilandelwa ukwehluleka okuphawulekayo kwesinye. McGoldrick noGerson, encwadini yabo AmaGenograms ekuHlolweni Komndeni , yalandela izinhlu zabantu abathile abadumile njengo-Eugene O'Neill no-Elizabeth Blackwell futhi bathola kalula amaphethini anjalo.

Ukube lezi zinhlobo zezinkinga beziphathelene nofuzo ngokuphelele, bekungaba nzima ukuchaza ukuthi inzalo yabazali abafanayo ingahluka kanjani ngokuphelele komunye nomunye, futhi ihluke ngokuphelele kubazali babo. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka yini ukuthi kwenzekani ngokwengqondo ngaphakathi kwabantu okungaholela ekuziphatheni kokusebenzelana nezingane zabo okukhiqiza amaphethini angajwayelekile?

Yilapho kungangena khona ukungqubuzana okungaphakathi kwengqondo. Yisho ukuthi ubaba wayengumuntu osemusha osemdala ngesikhathi sokuDodobala Okukhulu kweminyaka yama-1930. Wayekhule ezwa ukuthi umsebenzi uyamchaza, nokuthi wayebophekile ukuthi agcine ikhala lakhe etsheni lokusila ukuze ondle umndeni wakhe. Wayenenhlanhla yokuthola umsebenzi, kodwa umphathi wakhe wenza impilo yakhe yaba lusizi. Akakwazanga ukuyeka ngoba ubengeke akwazi ukuthola omunye umsebenzi, ngakho-ke waqala ngokunganakekile ukucasukela wona kanye amanani azichaze ngawo.

Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni athuthukise ukungqubuzana okungaphakathi kokusebenza kanzima okuqala ukumhlukanisa. Angase aqondane nendodana yakhe ngayinye ngendlela - ngobuqili - ephakamisa indodana eyodwa ukuthi nayo kufanele ifane naye, kuyilapho enye indodana iklonyeliswa ngobuqili ngokwenza intukuthelo kababa efihlekile ekusebenzeni kanzima nokuzidela .

Ngokunjalo, isiguli singaqhamuka kubazali abakholwayo ngokweqile abebenqabe noma ikuphi ukuphishekela ukuzitika, kepha abashumayeze ingane yabo ngobubi botshwala ngendlela exakile. Ukungafani okunjalo kuvame ukuvela kubo ngenxa yokuthi bathole imiyalezo exubile evela kubazali babo. Indodana yabo ingazizwa iphoqelekile ukuba ihlubuke, ngakho-ke iphile ukuphila kokuziphatha okuxekethile, okucwile otshwaleni. Umuntu onjalo uvamise ukuzibhubhisa ekuqhubekeni, ngoba uma abazali bakhe bembona ephumelela yize ephuza, lokhu kungakhulisa ukungqubuzana kubazali bakhe futhi kubenze bangabi nozinzo. Ukuphendula komzali bekuzomethusa. Ngakho uba umlutha wotshwala obuzilimazayo.

Ukuziphatha kwakhe kuzoba uhlobo lokuyekethisa. Uzobe elandela izifiso ezicindezelwe zabazali bakhe futhi avumele ukuzikhulumela okuthile, ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinye ekhombisa abazali bakhe ukuthi ukucindezela lesi sifiso bekuyindlela okufanele kwenziwe ngayo.

Esizukulwaneni esilandelayo, izingane zakhe zingase "zihlubuke" njengaye, kepha ukuphela kwendlela abangakwenza ngayo lokho ukuya ngokweqile ngokwabo. Baphenduka abathengisi bezidakamizwa. Izingane zabo zona, “ziyahlubuka” ngokuba izidakwa.

Nginciphisa le nqubo ngokumangalisayo ngokwedlulele ngakho-ke uhlaka oluyisisekelo lucacile kumfundi, kepha ngibona lezi zinhlobo zamaphethini - zinamajika amaningi athakazelisayo - nsuku zonke ekusebenzeni kwami.