Izinhlobo Zesifo Sokuwa: Izimbangela, Izimpawu Nezimpawu

-Delile

• Isifo sokuwa singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene ngokuya ngezimpawu nezimpawu zaso.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelaphi yezinzwa
• Izinhlobo zesithuthwane ngokusho ukuthi imvelaphi yaso iyaziwa yini
• A) Izinkinga ezibonisa izimpawu
• B) Izinkinga ze-Cryptogenic
• C) Ukuquleka kwe-Idiopathic
• Izinhlobo zesithuthwane ngokusho kokujwayelekile kokuquleka
• 1. Inkinga ejwayelekile
• 1.1. Inkinga ye-tonic-clonic ejwayelekile noma inkinga enkulu ye-mal
• 1.2. Inkinga yokungabikho noma okubi okuncane
• 1.3. Isifo seLennox-Gastaut
• 1.4. Isifo sokuwa seMyoclonic
• 1.5. I-West syndrome
• 1.6. Inkinga ye-Atonic
• 2. Ukuquleka okuncane / okugxile
• 2.1. Izinkinga zaseJacksonian
• 2.2. Isifo sokuwa sikaBenign esinqunyiwe sobuntwana
• Ukucatshangelwa kokugcina

Isifo sokuwa singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene ngokuya ngezimpawu nezimpawu zaso.

Ukuquleka kwesithuthwane kuyizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zesifo sokuwa.

Kakade eBhayibhelini, ngisho nasemibhalweni emidala yaseBabiloni kunezinkomba zesifo sokuwa, ezazibizwa ngaleso sikhathi morbus umpristi noma isifo esingcwele, okuthi ngaso abantu balahlekelwe ukwazi, sawela phansi futhi bahlupheke kakhulu ngenkathi bekhulula Benza amagwebu emlonyeni futhi balume izilimi zabo.

Njengoba ungacabanga ngegama elabekwa kulo ekuqaleni, it yayihlotshaniswa nezinto zenkolo noma zemilingo, kucatshangelwa ukuthi labo abaphethwe yilesi sifo babenamadimoni noma babexhumana nemimoya noma onkulunkulu.

Ngokuhamba kwamakhulu eminyaka, ukucabanga nolwazi lwale nkinga kwakhula, kwathola ukuthi izimbangela zale nkinga zisekusebenzeni kobuchopho. Kodwa igama elithi isithuthwane alibhekiseli kohlobo olushiwo ngenhla lokuquleka, kepha empeleni lifaka ama-syndromes ahlukile. Ngakho-ke, singathola izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sokuwa.

Ukuphazamiseka kwemvelaphi yezinzwa

Isifo sokuwa yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi okuyisici esiyinhloko ukuba khona kwezinhlekelele eziphindaphindwayo zemizwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho kwenziwa khona iqembu elilodwa noma amaningana ama-neuron angama-hyperexcitable ngendlela engazelelwe, eqhubekayo, engajwayelekile nengalindelekile, edala umsebenzi owedlulele ezindaweni ezi-hyperexcited ukuthi kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokulawulwa komzimba.

Kuyisifo esingalapheki esingadalwa yimbangela enkulu yezimbangela, okunye okuvame kakhulu ukuba wukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda, isifo sohlangothi, ukopha, ukutheleleka noma izicubu. Lezi zinkinga zidala ukuthi izakhiwo ezithile zisabele ngokungajwayelekile emsebenzini wobuchopho, okungaholela ekubeni khona kokuquleka kwesithuthwane ngendlela yesibili.

Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu futhi ezibonakalayo ukuquleka, ukucindezela okunodlame nokungalawuleki kwemisipha yokuzithandela, kepha naphezu kwalokhu kwenzeka kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sokuwa. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu ezithile eziyovezwa umuntu onesithuthwane zincike endaweni engasebenzi lapho inkinga iqala khona. Kodwa-ke, ukuquleka kufana kakhulu, ngoba isenzo sabo sifinyelela cishe kubo bonke ubuchopho.

Izinhlobo zesithuthwane ngokusho ukuthi imvelaphi yaso iyaziwa yini

Lapho sihlukanisa izinhlobo ezihlukene zesifo sokuwa, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi akuwona wonke amacala aziwa ngokuzikhiqiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabuye ziqoqwe ngokuya ngokuthi izimbangela zabo ziyaziwa noma cha, zinamaqembu amathathu ngalomqondo: i-symptomatic, i-cryptogenic ne-idiopathic.

A) Izinkinga ezibonisa izimpawu

Siyabiza izingqinamba okwaziwa ngazo imvelaphi okunophawu. Leli qembu laziwa kakhulu futhi livame kakhulu, likwazi ukuthola indawo eyodwa noma eziningana zesifo sokuwa noma umonakalo kanye nomonakalo noma isici esidala ushintsho olushiwo. Kodwa-ke, ezingeni elinemininingwane eminingi, akwaziwa ukuthi yini ebangela lolu shintsho lokuqala.

B) Izinkinga ze-Cryptogenic

Ukuquleka kwe-Cryptogenic, okwamanje okubizwa ngokuthi mhlawumbe kuyizimpawu, yilezo zifo zokuwa ezinesithuthwane Kusolwa ukuthi kunembangela ethile, kodwa imvelaphi yayo okwamanje ingakhonjiswa ngu zamanje izindlela zokuhlola. Umonakalo kusolwa ukuthi usezingeni leselula.

C) Ukuquleka kwe-Idiopathic

Kokubili uma kunesifo sokuhlaselwa yisifo esinezimpawu kanye ne-cryptogenic, isithuthwane sibangelwa ukukhubazeka komzimba nokukhishwa okungavamile kweqembu elilodwa noma amaningana ama-neuron, ukwenziwa kusebenze kunembangela engaziwa kangako. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka kutholakale amacala lapho umsuka wokuquleka kwesithuthwane ungabonakali ngenxa yomonakalo obonakalayo.

Lolu hlobo lwenkinga lubizwa nge-idiopathic, okukholakala ukuthi ludalwa yizici zofuzo. Yize bengazi ncamashi imvelaphi yayo, abantu abanalolu hlobo lobunzima bavame ukuba nesibikezelo esihle nempendulo ekwelashweni.

Izinhlobo zesithuthwane ngokusho kokujwayelekile kokuquleka

Ngokwesiko ukuba khona kwesifo sokuwa kuhlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo ezibizwa ngobubi obukhulu nobubi obuncane, kepha ucwaningo olwenziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lukhombisile ukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-syndromes esifo sokuwa. Ama-syndromes ahlukene nezinhlobo zokuquleka kwesithuthwane zihlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngokuya ngokuthi ukukhishwa kanye ne-neural hyperarousal kwenzeka kuphela endaweni ethile noma ezingeni elejwayelekile.

1. Inkinga ejwayelekile

Kulolu hlobo lokudlikiza, okukhishwa ngogesi ebuchosheni kubangelwa ngazimbili endaweni ethile ukuthi kugcine sekwenzeka kubo bonke noma engxenyeni enkulu yobuchopho. Kuvamile ukuthi kulezi zinhlobo zesifo sokuwa (ikakhulukazi ekubanjweni yisifo esibuhlungu) kuvele i-aura yangaphambilini, okungukuthi, i-prodrome noma izimpawu zangaphambilini ezinjenge-clouding, tingling kanye ne-hallucinations ekuqaleni kokubanjwa okungavimbela ukuthi ngubani ozohlupheka umqondo. Ezinye zezinto ezaziwa kakhulu nezithokozisayo ngaphakathi kwalolu hlobo lokuquleka kwesithuthwane yilezi ezilandelayo.

1.1. Inkinga ye-tonic-clonic ejwayelekile noma inkinga enkulu ye-mal

Isibonelo sokubanjwa kwesithuthwane, ekuqulekeni okukhulu kwe-mal kukhona ukulahleka okungazelelwe nokungazelelwe okubangela ukuthi isiguli siwele phansi, futhi kuhambisana nokuquleka okungapheli nokuhlala kwenzeka, ukulunywa, ukungasebenzi komchamo kanye / noma ukungcola ngisho nokumemeza.

Lolu hlobo lwenkinga yokubamba iqhaza lucwaningwa kakhulu, seluthole izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko kuyo yonke le nkinga: okokuqala, isigaba se-tonic lapho kwenzeka khona ukulahlekelwa ukwazi nokuwa phansi, bese isigaba se-clonic siqala. lapho kuvela khona ukuquleka (kuqala emaphethelweni omzimba futhi kuqhubeke ngokuqhubekayo) futhi ekugcineni inkinga yesithuthwane ifinyelela umvuthwandaba ngesigaba sokululama lapho kutholakala khona ukwazi kancane kancane.

1.2. Inkinga yokungabikho noma okubi okuncane

Kulolu hlobo lokuquleka kwesithuthwane uphawu olujwayelekile kakhulu ukulahleka noma ukuguqulwa kokwazi, njengokuma okuncane kokusebenza kwengqondo noma ukungabikho kwengqondo okuhambisana ne-akinesia noma ukunganyakazi, ngaphandle kokunye ukuguqulwa okubonakalayo.

Yize umuntu elahlekelwa ukwazi okwesikhashana, bona aziweli phansi futhi kaningi azinakho ukuguqulwa komzimba (yize ukucindezela emisipheni yobuso kwesinye isikhathi kungavela).

1.3. Isifo seLennox-Gastaut

Kuyisihlokwana sesifo sokuwa esijwayelekile ebuntwaneni, lapho ukungabikho kwengqondo nokuquleka kaningi kuvela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila (phakathi kweminyaka emibili kuya kweyisithupha ubudala) okuvame ukuvela kanye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo kanye nezinkinga zobuntu, ezemizwa nokuziphatha. Kungesinye sezifo ezibucayi kakhulu zemizwa yobuntwana, ukukwazi ukudala ukufa kwezinye izimo kungaba ngqo noma ngenxa yezinkinga ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka.

1.4. Isifo sokuwa seMyoclonic

I-Myoclonus ingumnyakazo onamahloni futhi onamahloni obandakanya ukufuduka kwengxenye yomzimba isuke kwesinye isiya kwenye.

Kulolu hlobo lwesifo sokuwa, olufaka phakathi ama-sub-syndromes amaningi njenge-juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, it kuvamile ukuthi ukuquleka nomkhuhlane kuvele kaningi, ngokubanjwa okuthile okugxile okuyisimo samajezi ekuvukeni ebuthongweni. Abantu abaningi abanalesi sifo bagcina behlaselwa kakhulu. Kuvamile ukuvela njengokuphendula ekuvuseleleni ukukhanya.

1.5. I-West syndrome

Uhlobo oluncane lwesifo sokuwa olujwayelekile ebuntwaneni oluqala kwisemester yokuqala yokuphila, I-West syndrome yisifo esingajwayelekile futhi esibi lapho izingane zingahlelile umsebenzi wobuchopho (obonwa yi-EEG).

Izingane ezinalesi sifo zihlushwa ama-spasms abangela kakhulu ukuthi izitho ziguquguquke ngaphakathi, noma ukunweba ngokugcwele, noma zombili. Esinye isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuwohloka kanye nokwehliswa kwengqondo kosana, ukulahlekelwa amandla okuveza ngokomzimba, okugqugquzelayo nawokomzwelo.

1.6. Inkinga ye-Atonic

Ziyi-subtype yesithuthwane lapho ukulahleka kwengqondo kuvela khona nalapho umuntu evame ukuwela phansi ngenxa yokuncipha kokuqala kwemisipha, kepha ngaphandle kokuquleka futhi alulame ngokushesha. Yize ikhiqiza iziqephu ezimfushane, ingaba yingozi, ngoba ukuwa kungadala umonakalo omkhulu ngokuhlukumezeka.

2. Ukuquleka okuncane / okugxile

Ukuquleka okuncane kwesithuthwane, ngokungafani nokujwayelekile, kwenzeka ezindaweni ezithile nasebuchosheni ezithile zobuchopho. Kulezi zimo, izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo yedonathi ethintekayo, enciphisa umonakalo kuleyo ndawo, yize kwezinye izimo inkinga ingaba yinto evamile. Ngokuya ngendawo, izimpawu zingaba yimoto noma zizwele, kubangelwe ukusangana kuya ekuqulekeni ezindaweni ezithile.

Lokhu kuquleka kungaba ngezinhlobo ezimbili, okulula (wuhlobo lokuquleka kwesithuthwane endaweni ethile, futhi lokho akuthinti izinga lokwazi) noma okuyinkimbinkimbi (okuguqula amakhono engqondo noma ukwazi).

Ezinye izibonelo zokuquleka okuyingxenye kungaba okulandelayo

2.1. Izinkinga zaseJacksonian

Lolu hlobo lwenkinga ye-actuary ngenxa ye-hyperexcitation ye-motor cortex, okudala ukuquleka okwenziwe endaweni ethile ezindaweni ezithile okulandela inhlangano ye-somatotopic ye-cortex eshiwo.

2.2. Isifo sokuwa sikaBenign esinqunyiwe sobuntwana

Luhlobo lokubanjwa okuyingxenye olwenzeka ebuntwaneni. Ngokuvamile zenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala, kungakhiqizi ushintsho olukhulu ekukhuleni kwendaba. Imvamisa ziyanyamalala zodwa kuyo yonke intuthuko, yize kwezinye izimo kungaholela kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sokuwa ezibucayi nezithinta izinga lempilo ezindaweni eziningi zaso.

Ukucatshangelwa kokugcina

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezibalwe ngenhla, kukhona nezinye izinqubo zokudidizela ezifana nalezo zokuquleka kwesithuthwane, njengoba kwenzeka ezimweni ze-dissociative kanye / noma izifo ze-somatoform, noma ukuquleka ngesikhathi somkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, yize kwezinye izigaba zibhalwe njengama-syndromes akhethekile wesifo sokuwa, kunempikiswano ethile, futhi abanye ababhali abavumi ukuthi babhekwa kanjalo.